性加害者犯案動機、歷程及路徑分析

Offence Motives and Pathways in Taiwanese Sex-Offenders

本論文嘗試檢視十二位台灣性加害者在犯罪歷程的幾個重要層面，企圖藉由探索性加害者之生命經驗、犯案因子及犯案動機之間的關聯性，來分析性加害者犯案動機之性質，並比較不同類型加害者犯案動機之差異性；此外，亦探索性加害者犯案路徑與歷程所呈現之型態，並與國外再犯路徑之理論作比較，以及瞭解性加害者犯案動機與犯案歷程甚至犯案手法的關連性，企圖建立我國本土化性加害者犯案路徑及歷程之初步架構。
本論文使用深度訪談，並採質性研究的方法來分析十二位性加害者以上種種層面之資料，此十二位性加害中，包含青少年性侵害犯、成人性侵害犯、亂倫犯各四名，平均年齡37歲。研究結果發現個案生命經驗中的事先存在的危險因子、後續危險因子、觸發危險因子皆塑造個案犯案的主要動力與動機，而個案之犯案動力與動機之強度亦會影響犯案前的情緒強度，並形成某型態的扭曲認知，引導個案選擇特定的被害者與犯案方式，及犯案後的情緒與解釋；研究結果亦發現不同類型性罪犯似乎呈現不同的主要犯案動力與動機。本研究之個案，其犯案路徑之內容與國外理論差異不大，諸如犯罪前情緒、扭曲認知、準備動作大多經由深入的訪談可鑑別出，僅性幻想部分略有困難；本研究亦顯示並非每個個案的再犯路徑皆一致，但多數（2/3）集中在三種不同的路徑中，且有11名個案所選用的再犯模式為主動接近受害者之模式。本研究並依據研究結果提出相對應之治療策略。

This study attempted to explore several important dimensions of Taiwanese sex-offenders during their sexual offense process, in order to understand the connections between their motives and offense pathways. The dimensions included: their past and current life context; offense motivations; their cognitive distortions which used to overcome their internal inhibitions, their offense behaviors, and their reactions after crime.
A series of qualitative interviews with 12 sex-offenders was used to gather above data. These 12 offenders include: 4 rapists. 4 incest fathers, and 4 hebophiles The results showed: offenders' life context did connect with their offense motives; and the intensity of motives had impacts on shaping the style of cognitive distortions, choosing certain type of victim and how they interpret their crimes after offense. When compared with Ward & Hudson (1998) model, majority of offenders chose approach strategy as their pathway style; and two-thirds of offenders centralized in three different pathways. Suggestions are made for intervention strategies.