2023年母子垂直感染愛滋病毒個案報告

A Case of Mother-to-Child HIV transmission, Taiwan, 2023

衛生福利部疾病管制署2005年施行孕婦篩檢愛滋計畫後，母子垂直感染人類免疫缺乏病毒（Human Immunodeficiency Virus, HIV）之病例顯著降低，僅零星發生母子垂直感染病例，此為台灣近年罕見HIV母子垂直感染之個案，因母親未規律產檢，懷孕期間曾至診所就醫，醫師因無法確定母親產檢資料而未主動提供HIV檢驗，於2023年底，懷孕35週嚴重腹痛至醫院急診急產，無法及時接受HIV快速篩及生產過程使用預防性投藥與選擇適當生產方式。檢視此個案，需強化作為事項為加強醫療機構懷孕婦女篩檢HIV、完善HIV快速篩作業流程、公衛人員需要跨單位溝通協調及深入疫情調查，方能阻斷母子垂直感染病例發生的機會。

Vertical transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) from mother to child has decreased significantly since the implementation of the Taiwan Centers for Disease Control's comprehensive HIV screening program for pregnant women in 2005. However, sporadic cases still occur. In 2023, a rare case of precipitate delivery resulting in HIV transmission from mother to child was reported in Taiwan. The mother had not undergone regular prenatal care and screening. Although she sought medical care during pregnancy, HIV testing was not performed due to the absence of her maternal health records. At 35 weeks of pregnancy, she experienced severe abdominal pain and underwent precipitated delivery at the hospital. Time constraints prevented HIV rapid screening and the administration of antiviral therapy during delivery. To prevent such transmissions in the future, it is crucial to strengthen HIV screening protocols for pregnant women in medical institutions, refine procedures for HIV rapid screening during pregnancy and childbirth, and conduct thorough epidemiological investigations.