設計思考在國小教育中之應用：教學工具的開發與評估

Application of Design Thinking in Elementary Education: Development and Evaluation of Teaching Aids

設計思考能幫助國小兒童多元學習並培養新課綱所強調的核心素養與能力。鑑於教導兒童設計思考的研究及應用近來不斷擴展，本研究以設計本位研究法進行，在設計階段以文獻探討、教學經驗、設計理論以及專家訪談為基礎，為國小兒童開發一套設計思考課程教具。於教學現場時實施兩次課程，藉由第一次課程執行成果與反饋，迭代優化教具設計並於第二次課程再次實施。綜合課程中觀察學生在實際操作工具、學習設計思考的狀況以及課後訪談結果，分析教、學雙方的需求與挑戰，提出適用於國小學生的設計思考教學工具及策略，有助設計思考教學之推廣。

Design thinking enhances diverse learning experiences for elementary school students and cultivates the core competencies outlined in the new Curriculum Guidelines of 12-Year Basic Education, which were implemented in 2019. In the present study, design-based research methods were adopted to develop a design thinking curriculum toolkit for elementary school students. This study integrated a literature review, teaching practice, design theory, and expert interviews. The toolkit was implemented in two sessions: first, it was applied in a pilot test and then refined on the basis of feedback from pilot testers. On the basis of student engagement during lessons and postsession interviews, this study identified teaching and learning challenges and needs and proposed design thinking tools and strategies tailored for young learners.