歐盟印太經濟協定中的規範性權力運作：歐越自由貿易協定與歐中全面投資協定之比較

EU’s Operation of Normative Power in Economic Agreements in the Indo-Pacific Region: Comparison of the EUVFTA and the EU-China CAI

本研究探索造成《歐盟—越南自由貿易協定》（EUVFTA）和《歐盟—中國全面投資協定》（EU-China CAI）不同結果的影響因素。歐越自貿協定及歐中投資協定皆將永續發展及勞工權利等貿易永續願景納入歐盟貿易政策，亦即兩者皆為歐盟所謂的新世代經貿協定。然而在實務上，兩項協定命運卻有很大的差異。本研究透過現實主義、自由主義和社會建構主義三大國際關係主流理論，探索影響兩個協定發展的戰略、制度和意識形態因素。本文認為，儘管理念上的規範性力量有其重要性，但戰略夥伴關係、既存制度和意識形態下造成的敘事差異等實質因素，對兩協定的發展更具影響力。歐盟對中國和越南的不同論述模式和戰略考量，凸顯出歐盟在規範性因素和實務性考量之間的掙扎。

This thesis investigates the differing results of the EU-Vietnam Free Trade Agreement (EUVFTA) and the EU-China Comprehensive Agreement on Investment (CAI). Both agreements are designed to embed sustainability and labor rights within the EU’s trade policies. By applying realism, liberalism, and social constructivism, the study examines the strategic, institutional, and ideological elements that impact these agreements. It is posited that although normative power is essential, practical factors concerning strategic partnerships, institutional models, and ideological narratives are also influential. The EU’s varying narratives and strategies toward China and Vietnam highlight the intricacies of global politics and the balance between normative and pragmatic elements in forming international relations.