從戰爭見證者到網路社群的誕生：「濰縣聊天群組」與二戰線上資源的建立（2000-2020）

From War Witness to the Birth of an Online Community: The “Weihsien Chat Group” and the Establishment of WWII Online Resources (2000-2020)

數位化的影響不只主導當代的生活型態，同時也讓二戰見證者得以透過回顧記憶的方式，跨入一個新階段。「濰縣聊天群組」（Weihsien Chat Group）正是這些見證者運用網路媒介書寫與討論戰爭記憶的產物。網路不僅改寫了戰爭見證者對於二戰記憶分享的實踐與方法，也象徵一個有待深入的二戰史研究方向。
本文核心關注在於，網路數位化如何影響戰爭見證者的記憶，乃至於運用線上社群力量，共構集體記憶？自2000年至2020年，「濰縣聊天群組」如何透過線上溝通與合作的過程，發展成一個具備共識基礎，且重視歷史記憶與資源的線上社群？「濰縣聊天群組」的重要性，體現在社群參與者的線上合作，從而形塑認同與集體記憶。他們一方面建構以戰爭記憶為主的關係網絡或其他類似說法，一方面積極參與線上討論與交流，在Weihsien Paintings網站上共同見證這段歷史記憶的重要性。與此同時，社群的運作促使戰爭見證者家庭及後代重啟線上聯繫與討論，也讓成員獲取不同的回饋，從中衍生出多元的對話。
這些列於Weihsien Paintings網站上的重要線上歷史資源，不僅包括戰爭見證者在「濰縣聊天群組」留下的發言見證；另一方面，也保存見證者戰時留下的大量記憶物件，包括歷史照片、素描或是個人藏品等圖檔。這些材料有助於深化當代對二戰時期太平洋戰區，特別是同盟國僑民於山東濰縣拘留營被拘禁經驗的研究與歷史認識。

The Internet has transformed the practices and methods of sharing memories among war witnesses, providing researchers of World War II history with new avenues to explore. A prominent example of witnesses utilizing the Internet and digital media to write about and discuss war memories is the“Weihsien Chat Group.”From 2000 to 2020, the Weihsien Chat Group evolved through online communication and collaboration into a community united by a foundational consensus on valuing historical memory and related resources.
This paper focuses on how digitalization affects the memories of these war witnesses and how the power of online communities is harnessed to co-construct wartime memory. The value of the Weihsien Chat Group lies in the online collaboration of community participants to shape identity and collective memory. Such collaboration includes constructing a network centered on war memories, through which community members engage in online discussions and exchanges to bear witness to their historical memory on the Weihsien Paintings website. This collaboration also assists the families and descendants of war witness in reconstructing their memories for posterity, enables community members to receive diverse feedback, and fosters dialogues.
The valuable historical resources archived on the Weihsien Paintings website include testimonies and comments left by war witnesses in the Weihsien Chat Group, as well as wartime memorabilia, such as historical photographs, sketches, and personal collections. These resources contribute to a deeper study of the Pacific Theater during World War II, particularly the history of Allied civilians interned in the Weihsien Internment Camp in Shandong, China.