從「實業計畫」到「一帶一路」倡議：觀念、政策與國際環境的分析

From the Ideal of“International Development of China”to the Initiative of“Belt and Road”

過去三、四十年間，中國大陸走出文革的鎖國局面，倣傚民生主義與實業計畫，積極推動改革開放，落實各項建設任務，成績斐然，目前已成為世界第二大經濟體，並積極推動「一帶一路」倡議。到了2020年，進一步完成「全面脫貧」、「落實小康」的使命，將是孫中山先生建國理念的重要實踐。
本文研究主旨，在探討孫中山的「實業計畫」與中國大陸推動「一帶一路」倡議之間的關聯性，以及歐美國家如何應對「一帶一路」，中國大陸又將如何回應。
本文的研究課題有二：一、孫中山所提出的「實業計畫」與當代中國「一帶一路」之間究竟有何關聯？大陸提出的「一帶一路」倡議，如何落實中國夢的理想，如何實踐中華文明的王道觀與天下觀？二、「一帶一路」所倡議的國際參與，其主要內涵和對象為何？各界的反應如何？
本文主要採比較與歷史途徑，參酌有關素材，並從國際合作與區域發展角度，分析「一帶一路」倡議的實踐及其國際評價。而本文的研究重點有三：一、「實業計畫」與孫中山的中國夢；二、中國大陸提出「一帶一路」倡議與歐美國家的反應；三、當代中華文明的王道觀與天下觀，在當前的國際脈絡下，究竟面對那些挑戰和考驗。

In 1920, Dr. Sun Yat-sen wrote a book“The International Development of China”to encourage the Western World to join a tremendous investment plan on the infrastructure construction in China. However, Western countries reject his plan and criticized it as“unrealistic and impossible.”“The International Development of China”thus failed. Almost a century later, however, most of Sun Yatsen’s design on this book has been realized by the PRC government. In 2013, a new plan“Belt and Road”has been initiated by the PRC Chairman Xi Jinping as a global plan of international cooperation . There has been over 100 countries join this initiative. Total amount of the construction plan could be up to＄1000 billions.
This article concentrate on a comparison of these two plans, following topics will be discussed:
1. What is the difference and common characteristic of these two plans?
2.What are the differences of the Western countries’attitude towards these two plans?
3.What is the traditional Chinese concept of international order, world justice and international peace，as well as its contemporary development in a global society? A summary of comparisons will be brought out at the end of the article.