學校推動戶外教育常態化發展面臨的挑戰與作法

Challenges Faced by Schools in Promoting the Regularization of Outdoor Education and Feasible Solutions

本文從學校經營的角度，將「戶外教育常態化」界定為「學校透過相關法規將戶外教育納入整體運作機制的一部分，逐漸營造校園氛圍，成為教學的日常」，並歸納出人員、制度、資源、氛圍等四項主要影響要素，進而反思及提出學校推動戶外教育常態化發展面對的四個挑戰：第一、如何讓戶外教育成為教學日常的一部分？第二、如何建立良好的運作機制來支持戶外教育的發展？第三、如何整合戶外教育資源進行有效規劃與利用？第四、如何提升戶外教學實踐的安全與風險管理？最後從政策導引、行政運作、資源整合、安全管理、課程教學五面向提出相關作法。

From the perspective of school management, this paper defines“regularization of outdoor education”as“schools incorporate outdoor education into part of the overall operating mechanism through relevant laws and regulations, gradually creating a school atmosphere and making it as a daily routine in teaching”, and summarizes four main influencing factors, such as personnel, systems, resources and atmosphere, and then reflects on and puts forward four challenges that schools face in promoting the regularization of outdoor education, as following: First, how to make outdoor education as a part of daily in teaching? Second, how to establish a good operating mechanism to support the development of outdoor education? Third, how to integrate outdoor education resources for effective planning and utilization? Fourth, how to improve the safety and risk management of outdoor teaching practices? Finally, the feasible solutions are proposed from five aspects: policy guidance, administrative operations, resource integration, safety management, and curriculum & teaching.