政策模擬教學方法影響學生學習能力之研究——以共有資源治理之教學為例

A Study on the Influence of Different Policy Simulation Teaching Methods on Students' Situated Simulation Abilities–A Case Study of Common Pool Resource Governance

21世紀開始由於資訊快速流通，許多議題與政策需仰賴多元跨域能力方能解決，然而過去數十年為了發展經濟，臺灣因資源有限而需競爭，且為了管理效率，建構出許多行政管理上的運作原則，但較缺乏多元價值倫理討論。惟欲解決當前多元價值競爭的問題，過去公共政策討論聚焦在理論層次的作法需要提升，應從實務衝突個案情境中發展出教學方案。這些教學方案，必須符合幾個要件，一方面在教學上培養出有能力在競爭環境中達成目標的能力，二方面要能夠解決實際問題，最後，還要在過程中能夠對價值取捨有所反思。檢閱過去文獻，吾人發現「政策模擬」其概念核心（遊戲化、問題導向學習、擬真）與上述三項能力相符，因此值得採用，而過去政策模擬教學雖然已有應用在公共事務領域之案例，但應用在「共有資源治理」這種極度富有競爭性與價值思辨的案例則較為少見。爰此，本研究由共有資源治理的政策模擬教學出發，設計出可以同時培養學生具備競爭性、問題解決導向以及倫理反思三種能力的課程，並藉由混合研究法測量教學成效。

In the 21st century, rapid information exchange necessitates diverse interdisciplinary skills for effective problem-solving in various issues and policies. However, Taiwan's economic development focus in the past few decades has created competition due to limited resources. Operational principles lacking diverse ethical discussions have been established for efficiency. To address current challenges involving competing values, there is a need to move beyond theoretical discussions in public policy and incorporate practical conflict cases into teaching methodologies. These teaching methods must cultivate students with capabilities to achieve goals in competitive environments, solve real-world problems, and critically reflect on value trade-offs. Reviewing past literature reveals that the core concepts of 'policy simulation' (gamification, problem-based learning, isomorphic) align well with these three essential abilities. Despite policy simulation's application in public affairs, its use in highly competitive and value-debating cases, such as 'Common Pool Resource Governance,' is less common. This study originates from policy simulation in common pool resource governance, aiming to design a curriculum that concurrently nurtures students' competitiveness, problem-solving orientation, and ethical reflection. The research adopts a mixed-methods approach to measure the effectiveness of this teaching methodology.