平臺經濟中契約正義的程序保障

平臺經濟屬 契約經濟，但締約時的“同意”日益流於形式、履約過程中不斷新增平臺規則、解約自由面臨困境等現象，已表明數字時代的契約自由面臨嚴重危機。過度依靠設定實體標準和適用實體原則維護契約正義的傳統範式，越來越難以全面保障平臺經濟中的契約正義。程序通過增進平等、強化溝通、增加透明等過程性控制機制，可以保障契約自由協商的真實性、提升合意內容的公平性並促進合意實現的公正性。在中國式現代化進程中，充分重視程序對契約正義的保障功能，是中國特色社會主義市場經濟對平等的要求，是私法中公平原則對正義的要求，是有為政府保障基本權利的要求。為了促進平臺經濟高質量發展，應當以有效市場和有為政府更好結合為理念落實常態化監管，以合理的告知程序、透明的公開程序、有效的聽取意見程序、充分的說明理由程序等正當程序為核心構建基本的平臺程序制度，實現效率與公平的統一。

The platform economy operates within the framework of contract-based transactions. However, the formalization of “consent” at the time of contract formation, the continuous addition of platform rules during performance, and the constraints on the freedom to terminate contracts indicate that contractual freedom is facing a severe crisis in the digital age. The traditional approach of safeguarding contractual justice by imposing substantive standards and applying substantive principles is increasingly inadequate in ensuring fairness within the platform economy. Procedural mechanisms, by enhancing equality, strengthening communication, and increasing transparency, can ensure the authenticity of contractual negotiations, improve the fairness of agreement terms, and promote the just enforcement of agreements. In the process of Chinese modernization, fully recognizing the role of procedural safeguards in contractual justice aligns with the socialist market economy's emphasis on equality, the principle of fairness in private law's pursuit of justice, and the proactive government's role in safeguarding fundamental rights. To promote the high-quality development of the platform economy, regulatory oversight should be institutionalized based on the integrated approach of an effective market and a proactive government. The establishment of a fundamental procedural framework for platform governance should be centered on procedural fairness, incorporating reasonable notification procedures, transparent disclosure processes, effective consultation mechanisms, and sufficient justification requirements. However, in doing so, a balance must be maintained between efficiency and fairness.