護理職場現狀剖析──政策影響與未來展望

Analysis of the Current Nursing Workforce Landscape: Policy Impacts and Future Directions

在臺灣，護理人力長期面臨嚴重斷層，影響醫療體系穩定與照護品質。本文從國內外政策、人口結構變遷及臨床實務困境出發，分析2015至2024年之護理人力數據與趨勢，揭示雖然護理執業人數逐年上升，但與新領證人數、在職意願及教育體系報到率相比，出現明顯落差，顯示「領證不執業」與「新進留不住」的雙重危機。本文進一步檢視行政院、衛生福利部等單位推動之護理人力政策與職場改革措施，並對照國際經驗，指出臺灣在護理師職能重塑、薪資結構與生涯晉升上仍有提升空間。本文呼籲，臺灣應建立「跨部會整合」與「臨床實證導向」的護理政策體系，並強化教育銜接與職場支持，以扭轉惡性循環，穩固護理基礎人力。本文盼為護理政策制定者與醫護管理者提供前瞻思考與實證依據。

The persistent nursing workforce shortage faced in Taiwan negatively impacts healthcare system stability and patient care quality. This article was conducted to analyze national nursing workforce data and trends from 2015 to 2024 in terms of population aging, domestic and international policy shifts, and key clinical practice challenges. Despite a gradual increasing number of practicing nurses, gaps between licensure, willingness to remain, and actual nursing education enrollment numbers highlight the existence of two crises in terms of 1) nurses obtaining licenses but not entering practice and 2) the high rate of attrition among early-career nurses. In this paper, related initiatives implemented by the Executive Yuan and Ministry of Health and Welfare are examined; Taiwan’s response is compared to that of other countries; and gaps in nursing role development, compensation structures, and career advancement are identified. The findings call for implementing an integrated, cross-ministerial, and evidence-based nursing policy framework alongside stronger academic-to-clinical transitions and workplace retention strategies. The policy-relevant insights given may be referenced by decision-makers and healthcare administrators aiming to sustain and strengthen Taiwan’s nursing foundation.