論隋唐時期蕃漢之間的鬥智——以隋突及唐蕃之間為例

A Battle of Wits between the Non-Han and the Han during the Sui and Tang period: The Case of the Sui-KökTürk and the Tang-Tubo

本文運用古突厥文與古藏文的知識，試圖破解隋代突厥啟民可汗（染干），以「莫緣可汗」（Bay Qaghan）汗號呈奉隋文帝；以及唐蕃之間建立舅甥關係，吐蕃採用dbon zhang的吐蕃語詞，概括唐蕃舅甥關係內涵等；其中所蘊涵的深意為何？
由於突厥為大漠南北游牧民族一方之霸，具游牧民族恥於居人之下的特質。另方面，吐蕃屬青康藏高原農牧並行的民族，亦具自尊自大的特質，其王室自認為係天神下凡而為人主的身份，亦恥於居人之下。二者在遭逢強盛的隋唐王朝碰撞之後，彼等是以何種方式應對？是否利用隋唐王朝對突厥及吐蕃文化的陌生，因而在不明究理的情況下，遭到彼等愚弄與戲耍而毫不自知。有關於此，筆者以「鬥智」語詞加以型塑隋唐王朝與突厥、吐蕃之間的互動，希冀掀開掩蓋在歷史迷霧之中的真實情況。

This paper uses the knowledge of Ancient Turkic and Ancient Tibetan languages to try to understand the Turk Chi-ming Qaghan presented the Turk title of Bay Qaghan to Sui weng Emporer, the establishment of the uncle-nephew relationship between the Tang dynasty and the Tubo Kingdom, and the use of dbon zhang (a word in the language of the Tibetan) to summarize that relationship. What are the implications of this? The Turks were the hegemons of the nomads in the north and south of the desert, and as nomads were ashamed to live under others. On the other hand, Tubo was a farming and herding nation in the highlands of Chinghai, Sikham and Tibet, who had a high self-esteem and were arrogant. Its royal family considered themselves to be the masters of mankind who had descended from the sky, and were also ashamed to live under others. When the two were confronted by the powerful Sui and Tang dynasties, how did they respond? Did they take advantage of the fact that the Sui and Tang dynasties were unfamiliar with the culture of the Turks and the Tubo, and thus were fooled and tricked by them without realizing it under the circumstance of not knowing the reasoning behind it? In this regard, the author uses the term“battle of wits”to characterize the interaction between the Sui and Tang dynasties and the Turks and the Tubo, hoping to uncover the real situation that has been hidden in the fog of history.