誰的明日之城？：臺灣女性科幻小說中的城市與性別辯證

Whose City of Tomorrow?: Urban Spaces and Gender Dialectics in Taiwanese Female Science Fiction

科幻小說承載了人們對當下聚居生活的焦慮，對理想烏托邦的憧憬，創作者往往藉由對虛擬空間的建構，反映人們對城市文化真實體驗的內在審視。職是之故，科幻小說不啻為對人類未來命運的暢想或預言，也經常是此際城市生活的鏡像投影與現實寓言。目前以「臺灣女性科幻小說」作為分類方式或研究方法的學術論著相對欠缺，本文考掘臺灣女性科幻小說中的城市書寫，呈現何種獨特風貌與別樣景致？藉由「被時間複寫的城市與被邊緣化的他者」、「慾望、分裂、超驗的女性之城」、「監控資本主義時代與消失的『我』」等視角切入，探究平路、洪凌、郝譽翔、林新惠的科幻文本，如何映現作者對於所處時代城市問題的洞察與省思？隨著時間遞嬗，臺灣女性科幻小說裡「城市」與慾望掛鉤的煽惑特質愈益強化，所聚焦的問題也從對城市現代化與性別平等的思考，逐漸轉向對人類本質的辯析。「明日之城」是否會是更美麗的新世界？邇來女作家的科幻文本無法樂觀以對，探究肇因，罪魁禍首究竟是好逸惡勞的人性？或是過度發達的資本主義？此一問題盤根錯節的根由，與其中千絲萬縷的複雜轇轕，值得更深入的思索與辯證。

Science fiction frequently captures human anxieties about modern urban life and the desire for an ideal utopia. Creators utilize the development of fictitious environments to reflect an inner analysis of genuine urban experiences. In this aspect, science fiction not only acts as a vision or prediction of humanity’s future, it also frequently reflects contemporary urban life, working as a critical metaphor for reality. Currently, there is a scarcity of scientific research that classifies or analyses“Taiwanese female science fiction”as a unique genre. This study has sought to investigate the different perspectives and characteristics of urban writing in Taiwanese female science fiction. This study has delved into issues that may be characterized as“cities rewritten by time and the marginalized other”,“desire, fragmentation, and the transcendent female city”, and“surveillance capitalism and the vanishing‘self’”by exploring the works of Ping Lu, Lucifer Hung, Yu-Hsiang Hao, and Hsin-Hui Lin. It has attempted to understand how these authors reflected on and critiqued contemporary urban issues. Over time, the enticing quality of“the city”in Taiwanese female science fiction has become increasingly associated with desire, with a shift away from urban modernization and gender equality and toward a more in-depth examination of human nature. Will their city of tomorrow depict a more attractive new world? Recent works by female science fiction authors are skeptical about this possibility. The underlying source of their skepticism—whether it is human laziness or an overdeveloped capitalism—raises complicated and interrelated problems that require deeper investigation and debate.