連續無段變速裝置技術綜述與應用分析

Comprehensive Review of Continuously Variable Transmission Systems and Their Applications

本研究針對連續無段變速裝置（Continuously Variable Transmission, CVT）進行探討，連續無段變速裝置具有多項優勢，包括變速比可連續變化、變速過程平順、及具備良好的能源效率等。基於這些特性，連續無段變速裝置在車輛、各式載具、及工業設備傳動系統中被廣泛應用與評估，特別是在節能需求日益提升的背景下，其在先進車輛及電動車領域中的應用亦迅速成長。本文章首先介紹了五種常見的連續無段變速之機構設計，並回顧了其技術發展的歷史演進。接著，針對其控制方式進行分類與分析，涵蓋主動式、被動式、及電子控制式三大類型。最後，進一步探討了續無段變速裝置在實際工程領域中的應用實例，期望提供工程師一個完整的架構，以理解連續無段變速裝置的技術類型與實際應用潛力。

Continuously variable transmission (CVT) systems offer several advantages, including continuously adjustable gear ratios, smooth gear shifting, and high energy efficiency. Thus, CVT systems have been widely adopted and evaluated in various applications, including in vehicles, transportation systems, and industrial machinery. CVT systems have increasingly been adopted in advanced and electric vehicles as part of the growing push for decarbonization. The current article first introduces five common CVT designs and then reviews their historical and technical developments. It then classifies and analyzes CVT control methods in passive, active, and electronically controlled systems. Finally, it explores practical engineering applications of CVT systems to provide engineers with a comprehensive framework for understanding the types and practical potential of CVT systems.