博物館執行高齡失智照顧服務之研究：跨專業合作的觀點

Museum-Based Dementia Care Services for Older Adults: Perspectives on Cross-Professional Collaboration

在超高齡社會與失智症人口增加的背景下，博物館角色逐漸從典藏展示轉向公共健康與社會關懷領域。過去多數研究著重於博物館參觀對高齡者福祉的促進，然而針對高齡失智者的藝術參與服務，特別是從跨專業合作角度的實證研究，尚屬有限。為回應此一研究缺口，本研究探討臺灣博物館如何結合醫療、社政、藝術等專業，提供高齡失智者友善的參與服務，主要採質性訪談法，訪談八個執行高齡失智服務的博物館單位，包括國立歷史博物館、國立臺灣博物館等，訪談對象涵蓋推廣教育及活動策劃人員。研究發現：博物館角色已擴展至健康促進場域，與醫療及照護單位展開跨域合作；跨專業分工中，透過事前會議與跨專業角色分工提高執行效率；資源配置重視空間友善與志工培訓；活動設計採小班制、重視參與者感官刺激與社會互動；評估方式結合質性觀察與家屬回饋，顯示參與活動對長者記憶活化、情緒穩定與社會連結有正面效益。本研究建議未來應持續發展跨專業合作平臺，強化文化機構與健康照護系統的協作機制，並設計適性化、在地化的活動內容，以支持高齡失智者的藝術近用與照護品質。

Amid global population aging and increasing dementia prevalence, museums are being reimagined as active agents in public health and social care. On the basis of cross-professional collaboration theories and in response to the World Health Organization’s call to integrate the arts into health care, we investigated how museums in Taiwan provide cultural care services for older adults with dementia. Other research has primarily assessed the well-being benefits of museum visits; by contrast, our study explored museums’roles in geriatric cultural care through a cross-sectoral lens. Adopting a qualitative method, this study conducted in-depth, semistructured interviews with personnel from eight national museums in Taiwan that have implemented dementia-friendly or aging-related services. Data collection was guided by a framework of cross-professional collaboration among medical, social welfare, art, and cultural professionals. Three key dimensions were investigated: cross-professional role division, resource allocation, and frameworks for evaluating dementia care programs. The major findings were as follows. First, museums in Taiwan are increasingly collaborating with medical and long-term care institutions to codesign activities that promote sensory stimulation and social interaction for older adults with dementia. Second, cross-professional resource allocation focuses on providing safe and comfortable environments, training volunteers, and customizing programs on the basis of participants’physical and cognitive requirements. Finally, evaluation frameworks include both observational and survey methods, with family feedback indicating improvements in participants’mood and social engagement as well as caregiver respite. On the basis of these findings, governments and cultural institutions are recommended to develop cross-professional capacity, support sustained partnerships with health-care sectors, and devise evaluation frameworks tailored to dementia care. Furthermore, museums should integrate local cultural elements and life experiences into their program design to enhance potential participants’familiarity and emotional engagement.