利他靈對智能障礙學童注意力缺陷的效果之分析

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本文經由文獻的回顧，旨在檢視研究中使用利他靈（methylphenidate）來改善智能障礙學童注意力缺陷的方法論是否適切。文中並提及智能障礙學童使用此藥物的一些爭議，包括：因智能障礙者神經結構與功能的異常，使用此藥物有可能容易引起不良的生理反應及其他的副作用；另外，此藥物的服用，也可能會窄化智能障礙學童的注意能力。緊接著，並從持續注意力（sustained attention）、選擇注意力（selective attention）、注意廣度（breadth of attention）、以及教室的行為與學業表現的測量方面，進一步地分析這些研究所使用的方法論之優劣。最後，並對未來的研究提出建議。

The purpose of this study was to review the methodology used to examine the effects of methylphenidate on the attention deficits exhibited by children with moderate, severe, and profound mental retardation. Specifically, the controversies surrounding the side effects while using this medication in this population were presented. Additionally, the methodology used to investigate methylphenidate in this group of children was analyzed from the perspectives of sustained attention, selective attention, breadth of attention, and classroom behavior and academic performance through a review of the literature. Finally, conclusions were drawn and recommendations for future research were presented.