通識教育架構下的醫學人文概念：以「西洋文學與醫學」通識課程為例

The Course “Western Literature and Medicine” as an Example to Demonstrate the Concept of Medical Humanities Reconsidered under the Framework of Liberal Arts Education

「西洋文學與醫學」課程為通識教育博雅架構下外國語文與人文藝術跨領域課程，以人文學為主體意識出發，重新思索醫學人文的脈絡，建構批判性思考與同理心養成的教學與學習歷程。有別於當前主流規劃以醫學專業本位開設的醫學人文課程，本課程以通識教育架構下人文學門中的經典西洋文學教育為基礎，由不同的視野與內涵，重新理解醫學與人文的關係。課程從生命敘事文本的詮釋出發，分析經典西洋文學作品中呈現人物角色面臨疾病所造成的身心靈掙扎與生命困境，學習者可利用文學想像突破個人生命經驗的侷限，憑藉文學場域中跨時空、跨文化限制的特性，尋得一可參照對應的座標軸，更精確理解醫療場域內的人文關聯，進而發展對生命倫理議題的問題意識與自我思辨。教學現場所觀察到的難題與試圖解決的議題，如下：（1）翻轉醫學生對於通識人文課程淺薄化的偏誤認知與想像，增進學習動機及批判思考能力；（2）多元化醫學生對於醫療人文核心價值「同理心」的學習方式。

Under the framework of liberal arts and general education, the course “Western Literature and Medicine” bears humanities mindset as the main consciousness and reconstructs the teaching strategies in the cultivation of medical students’ capabilities of critical thinking and empathy. Unlike the traditional courses on medical humanities currently offered in the medical profession, this course is based on the canonic literature education, attempting to redefine the relationships between medicine and the humanities from an alternative perspective. The course starts from the literary interpretation of life narrative texts selected from classic western literary works, analyzing the physical and mental struggles of characters, the dilemmas of their life and the awareness of illnesses the characters encountered. In order to establish the profound values of the relevant medical issues, the students will be able to develop their awareness of ethics towardslife, cultivate their empathy, and achieve critical thinking abilities. The following issues were observed and attempted to be solved in the instructor’s teaching and students’ learning process: (1) medical students’ misconceptions and faulty imaginations about the superficiality of general education courses havebeen modified and their learning motivation has been enhanced; (2) student’s learning approaches towards “empathy”and “critical thinking,”the core valuesof medical humanities, havebeen improved.