清華陸〈鄭武夫人規孺子〉拾零

A Study of“Zheng Wu Fu Ren gui ruzi”Collected in Tsinghua Bamboo Slips VI

本文旨在探討〈鄭武夫人規孺子〉中鄭武夫人所言「ㄐ攸」和「門檻」之義與「邊父規大夫辭」之斷讀及其意涵。「ㄐ攸」當讀「糾修」，訓為「糾舉修治」，可對應傳世文獻《周禮‧地官‧司徒》之「修法糾職，以待邦治」二字同時並舉之例。「門檻」之「門」見《儀禮‧聘禮》可訓為「寢門」，「檻」依《楚辭》、《史記》、《漢書》等可知內宮、朝廷均設有檻闌，故門、檻當非一詞，「門檻之外」為內宮的寢門、檻闌之外，即指朝廷。而邊父規大夫辭之斷句與訓解，歷來眾說紛紜，本文斷讀為：「邊父規大夫曰：『君拱而不言，加重於大夫，汝慎重！君葬而久之，於上三月』。小祥，大夫聚謀」。邊父此言實為安撫大夫們稍安勿躁，用「於上三月」作為對鄭莊公靜默不言的寬限，以「小祥」為最後底線，《禮記‧雜記下》：「三年之喪，祥而從政」。故小祥一過，大夫即聚謀不忍，前後文意聯繫緊密。

This article aims to explore the meaning of the two words“Ji You”（ㄐ攸）and“Men Jian”（門檻）mentioned by Zheng Wu Fu Ren, and the punctuation and meaning of“Bian Fu gui da fu ci”in“Zheng Wu Fu Ren gui ru zi.”“Ji You”（ㄐ攸）is pronounced to be“Jiu Xiu”（糾修）and means“correct and amend.”It corresponds to the two words“amend”（修）and“correct”（糾）in“amend（修）the law and correct（糾）the officials in preparation for the rule of the country”cited from the classic work Zhou Li.“Men Jian”（門檻）is not a single word. The first character refers to“Bedroom Gate,”as seen in Yi Li. The second character refers to railings, according to Chu Ci, Shi Ji, and Han Shu. Accordingly, we know that both the inner palace and the imperial court had thresholds.“Men Jian Zhi Wai”refers to the outside of the bedroom door and railing of the inner palace, that is, the imperial court. Moreover, this study proposes a new punctuation of Bian Fu’s talk. Bian Fu’s words are actually to pacify the officials, urging restraint. The phrase“in the last three months”is used as a response to for Zheng Zhuang Gong’s silence, with“Xiao Xiang”as the last resort. As in Li Ji,“during the three years of mourning, Xiang entered politics.”Therefore, right after Xiaoxiang, the officials all gathered together and couldn’t bear it anymore. The text thus demonstrates coherence.