社會支持、親職效能及理財教育對教育投資與貧困兒童學習發展之影響

The Effects of Social Support, Parenting Efficacy, Financial Education on Investment in Education and Disadvantaged Children’s Development

財團法人台灣兒童暨家庭扶助基金會（簡稱家扶基金會）規劃為期兩年的兒童啟力計畫，為貧困家庭之學齡前及學齡初期兒童、家長提供親子課程，提升家長親職效能以及促進正向親子互動，並透過理財教育促進兒童教育投資，進而協助兒童發展。因此，本研究旨在探討該計畫之服務影響模型，試圖找出產生影響的路徑。研究對象為家扶基金會扶助之貧困家庭中，參與兒童啟力計畫的學前教育階段幼兒及國小三年級以下兒童及其家長，共計122戶。本研究以驗證性因素分析確認施測量表的建構效度，使用結構方程模型驗證社會支持、親職效能、理財觀念及對子女的理財教育與家長自我評價方案成果（包含教育投資與兒童發展）之間的關係。研究結果發現，家長從支持團體所獲得的社會支持越高，家長的親職效能越好，親職效能之提升對理財觀念與理財教育皆有正向影響。家長的理財觀念越佳，越認為投資兒童學習費用會帶來幫助。家長對兒童理財教育越支持、越感受到投資兒童學習費用會帶來幫助，兒童發展就越好。此外，理財觀念是一個中介效果，理財觀念中介影響親職效能對教育投資與兒童發展之影響。

The Taiwan Fund for Children and Families (TFCF) developed a two-year Capacity Building Program for Children to provide parent-child courses for preschool and early school-age children and their parents. The program aims to promote parenting efficacy and positive parent-child interactions and to promote investment in children’s education and learning through financial education. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to explore the service impact model of the program and the path of impact. The participants in the program were122disadvantaged families, including the third-grade elementary school children and their parents. The questionnaires were completed by parents. The study used the confirmatory factor analysis to evaluate construct validity and applied the structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the relationships between social support, parenting efficacy, financial literacy, financial education, and parents’self-rated program outcome (including investment in education and children’s development). The findings suggest that parents have a higher parenting efficacy if they receive high social support. Promoting parenting efficacy has a positive effect on financial literacy and financial education. Moreover, better financial literacy can encourage parents to believe investing in their children’s education expenses is helpful. Parents’support for children’s financial education can promote children’s development. Finally, financial literacy is a mediating effect. The effects of parenting efficacy on investment in education and children’s development are mediated by financial literacy.