消防職業安全衛生管理機制對桃園市消防人員職業安全知識、態度及行為研究

A Study on the Occupational Safety and Health Management Mechanism on Safety Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior of Firefighters in Taoyuan City

內政部消防署與勞動部職業安全衛生署及勞動部勞動及職業安全衛生研究所在2022年簽訂合作備忘錄，共同研究出國內消防機關首部「消防職業安全衛生管理系統」，並在2023、2024年間至各地方消防機關輔導如何運作該系統，同時也希望在2025至2029年間，將這套系統推廣至全國各地的消防單位。
為了能在各地方消防局順利推動「消防職業安全管理系統」，確實達到維護消防人員的職業安全與衛生的效果、提升自我認知，本研究以桃園市政府消防局第一大隊及第三大隊的外勤消防人員為研究對象，以問卷調查方式，並藉由SPSS統計軟體來分析，透過導入管理系統後來探討職業安全的知識、態度及行為差異及影響。
研究發現，導入管理系統後，受測者的知識與態度間呈現顯著負相關，進一步從不同背景變數去分析，發現在主管職並無顯著相關，但非主管職則呈現皮爾森負相關；知識與行為間並無顯著相關；態度與行為則呈現顯著正相關。根據研究結果提出兩項建議。在推動職業安全衛生教育方面，須突破單一知識傳授模式，融入態度培養與行為引導，特別針對非主管職與無傷病經驗者設計差異化教材，以避免出現「知識越佳，態度越消極」的反效果，並透過實例分享提升安全意識。其次，導入職業安全衛生管理機制能有效規範安全標準與行為準則，並藉由制度性介入強化消防人員的責任感與參與度，促使態度與行為形成正向循環，展現管理制度的整體效益。

In 2022, the National Fire Agency of the Ministry of the Interior, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration of the Ministry of Labor, and the Institute of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health signed a Memorandum of Understanding to jointly develop Taiwan’s first ''Occupational Safety and Health Management System for Firefighting Agencies.'' During 2023 and 2024, they provided guidance to local fire departments on how to operate the system, with plans to promote its nationwide implementation between 2025 and 2029.
To ensure the effective promotion of the system and to enhance occupational safety, health, and self-awareness among firefighters, this study targeted frontline firefighters from the 1st and 3rd Battalions of the Taoyuan City Fire Department. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey and analyzed using SPSS statistical software to examine changes in knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding occupational safety after the system was introduced.
The study found a significant negative correlation between knowledge and attitudes after the system’s implementation. Further analysis by background variables showed no significant correlation among supervisors, while a negative Pearson correlation was found among non-supervisory personnel. No significant correlation was found between knowledge and behavior, but a significant positive correlation existed between attitudes and behavior.
Based on these findings, two key recommendations are proposed. First, occupational safety and health education should go beyond simple knowledge transmission to include attitude cultivation and behavioral guidance. Tailored training materials should be developed, especially for non-supervisory personnel and those without injury experience, to avoid the ''more knowledge, more negative attitude'' effect. Real-case sharing should also be used to enhance safety awareness. Second, implementing an occupational safety and health management system can effectively standardize safety protocols and behavioral guidelines. Institutional measures help strengthen firefighters’sense of responsibility and participation, creating a positive cycle between attitude and behavior and demonstrating the system's overall effectiveness.