不病不得閑——白居易詩歌中的疾病書寫與自我療癒

Poetry of Bai Juyi: Illness Expression and the Transformation of Self-healing

中唐詩人白居易是一位體弱多病卻又長壽高產的詩人，他借詩歌忠實地展示這一歷程。其詩集中大量描述衰老、疾病、死亡的詩歌，明確表述他深切感受到疾病對於生命威脅的恐懼，同時也透映出個體強烈的生命意識。然則，與人生前半場老、病、衰、慵的哀歎和思鄉情懷的心態不同，晚年的白居易一改懼老畏衰憂死的敘事，轉而成痛快豁達的老後書寫，藉以療癒身心靈魂。本文運用榮格學派學者莫瑞．史丹「中年轉化」的概念來追索白居易如何透過疾病書寫，經歷中年轉化的分離、過渡、再整合的過程及經驗，透視自身存在的意義與生命價值，從而消融人生步履上諸多無解的自我矛盾；希望百代以下讀者除追摹其作品審美意象、生命情調外，更能借鑒白居易疾病書寫的轉化經驗，作為自己面對中年危機時的意義參照，從而將與生俱來的自性實現至最大可能。

Bai Juyi, a poet in the mid-Tang Dynasty, is a frail yet long-livedand productive man and this course was clearly revealed through his poetry. The majority of the poetry mentioned senescence, sickness and death, which clearly voices his fear of illness and strong life consciousnessat the same time. However, contrary to the lament and the emotion of homesick in his youth, his writing style turns into open-minded and optimistic for mental and physical healing while aging. This paper applies the transformation concept of Murray Stein, aJungianscholar, to explore how Bai Juyiwent through separation, liminality, and integration via illness expression. Through the process, he viewed the meaning of self-existence and the value of life; thereupon resolving lots of self-contradictionwhile living. Hope that readers can not only model his aesthetic imagesand sentiment, but also take his transformation experience as reference while encountering midlife crisisand further realizing theinnateself-actualization to the most extend.