官僚「再詮釋」領導人意識形態：以《人民日報》習近平外交思想的評論為例

Bureaucratic“Reinterpretation”of Leaders’Ideologies: A Case Study of People’s Daily’s Commentary on Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy

意識形態在維繫中共政權穩定，扮演重要角色。部分研究分析官方制定意識形態的過程，指出意識形態建構實非鐵板一塊，意識形態在完成後，官僚組織也會「再詮釋」意識形態陳述。不過，類似研究較少觸及意識型態涉及外交領域，官僚組織是否會進行詮釋。領導人的冠名意識形態，是否又影響外交政策的陳述。本文以《人民日報》討論冠名意識形態：「習近平外交思想」報刊評論為例，借鑑中共黨報「寫作組」概念，檢視上述議題。在研究策略，我們先在資料蒐集過程根據評論作者，標記其所屬官僚組織，再結合自動文本摘要（Automated Text Summarization）與空間點估計（ideal point estimation）的Wordfish泊松空間模型（Poisson Scaling Model）進行分析。模型顯示，「習近平外交思想」的報刊評論，由於作者所屬官僚組織的不同，陳述立場的空間分布呈現差異。這呼應官僚組織確實有透過意識型態的差異性敘事，標示其立場傾向的見解。

Ideology plays a pivotal role in maintaining the stability of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) regime. Some studies reveal that the construction of ideology is not entirely monolithic, as seen through the official process of ideological formulation. After an ideology is established, bureaucratic organizations may engage in“reframing”its statements. However, existing research seldom examines whether bureaucratic organizations rewrite ideological narratives when it pertains to foreign affairs or how the naming of a leader’s ideology influences foreign policy discourse. This paper takes the People’s Daily commentaries on“Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy”as a case study, adopting the concept of the CCP’s“writing teams”to address these issues. Our research approach involves marking the bureaucratic affiliations of commentary authors during data collection and analyzing the data using Automated Text Summarization and the Wordfish Poisson Scaling Model for ideal point estimation. The findings show that differences in authors’bureaucratic affiliations correspond to variations in the spatial distribution of their ideological stances. This supports the argument that bureaucratic organizations use ideological narratives to signal their positions, even within the realm of foreign policy.