從儒家和基督宗教的人學視野交會處思索以「人工智慧」為主導的科技時代裡人的圖像的形塑之道

Thinking the Formation of Humanity in the Age of AI-based Technology through the Perspectives of Confucian and Christian Anthropologies

本文從儒家和基督宗教人學視野的交會思索在以「人工智慧」（Artificial Intelligence）為主導的科技時代裡人的圖像的形塑之道。本文以《聖經》〈創世記〉「神說：『我們要照着我們的形像（image），按着我們的樣式（likeness）造人』」類比而說人根據他的「形像」和「樣式」製造人工智慧，作為討論和思索的起點。本文並指出經文「將生命之氣吹進他的鼻孔」的涵義和先秦儒家人物荀子「化性而起偽」要旨的交會。從荀子哲學來看，「偽」即「人為」，它意謂著一個不斷向善的動態創造歷程。以此觀之，我們人類可將自身的各種科技成就視為輔助工具，這些工具使我們能夠不斷推動動態創新，並重新塑造我們的人類形像。我們也可以藉以探討人類未來的種種潛在圖像，以及它如何透過科技而形塑的各種可能性。

This paper aims at thinking the formation of humanity in the age of AIbased technology in the light of the encounter between the Confucian and Christian Anthropologies. It takes the phrase of“And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness”from the Genesis 1: 26-27 as an analogy for human creation of artificial intelligence based on his“image”and“likeness”as a starting point for discussion and reflection. It then indicates the intersection between the implication of the phrase of“breathed into his nostrils the breath of life”from the Genesis 2: 7 and the key idea of the thesis of“transforming human nature by human deliberate effort (Huaxing er qiwei)”claimed by Xunzi, one of the classical Confucian figures. From Xunzi's philosophical perspective,“deliberate effort”means“artificiality”which implies a dynamic process of development and continuous creativity towards goodness. Viewed this way, we human beings in the era of technology can take our various technological achievements as complementary tools that enables us to move towards dynamic innovation, and to continually reshape our own human images. We can also inquire about the human potential image and its possible ways of being formed through the‘deliberate effort’in accordance with technology.