生物電阻抗相位角作為運動後發炎反應之追蹤標記：可能的臨床應用與評估之系統性回顧

Bioelectrical impedance phase angle as a marker for tracking inflammatory responses after exercise: Potential clinical applications and assessment - A systematic review

生物電阻抗分析是一種安全、非侵入性及高時效評估身體組成的工具，並廣泛應用於評估營養不良風險及預後情況，多數病理研究己證實相位角與發炎指標的關係。過去應用於運動之相位角研究多聚焦在身體組成、肌肉質量與功能變化等，但對於運動誘發之發炎反應對於全身或局部相位角的影響較少受到關注。運動訓練模式、運動強度及水合反應可能為重要的變項，影響發炎反應與相位角之關係。因此，本文從細胞受損之觀點，回顧過去研究中運動訓練模式及運動強度對發炎指標和相位角之影響。文獻回顧後發現，促發炎指標上升會破壞細胞結構並且降低細胞膜的電容性，由於細胞外液的比率增加，導致PhA下降。不同強度的運動對PhA有不同的影響。低強度運動對細胞健康有正面影響，而高強度運動可能導致暫時性的PhA下降，但隨著修復過程PhA會回升。由於目前研究運動誘發之發炎反應與相位角變化的實證研究仍是少數，且在本回顧文獻中的運動強度設計也有所差異。因此探討運動誘發之發炎指標與BIA參數之間的關係及變化趨勢是一值得發展及研究的議題。

Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a safe, non-invasive, and efficient tool for assessing body composition. It is widely used to evaluate the risk of malnutrition and prognosis. Numerous pathological studies have confirmed the relationship between phase angle (PhA) and inflammatory markers. Previous studies on PhA in the context of exercise have primarily focused on changes in body composition, muscle mass, and function. However, the impact of exercise-induced inflammatory responses on whole-body or localized PhA has previously received less attention. Exercise training modalities, exercise intensity, and hydration response are likely important variables that may affect the relationship between inflammatory responses and PhA. This article reviews previous research from the perspective of cellular damage to explore the effects of exercise training modalities and exercise intensity on inflammatory markers and PhA. The literature review reveals that the rise in pro-inflammatory markers can damage cell structures and reduce the capacitance of cell membranes. Additionally, the increase in the ratio of extracellular fluid leads to a decrease in PhA. Different intensities of exercise have varying effects on PhA. Low-intensity exercise has a positive impact on cell health, while high-intensity exercise may cause a temporary decrease in PhA. However, PhA tends to recover during the recovery repair process. Since empirical studies on the relationship between exercise-induced inflammatory responses and PhA changes are still limited, and the exercise intensity designs in the reviewed literature vary, exploring the relationship and trends between exercise-induced inflammatory markers and BIA parameters is a topic worth developing and researching.