中共省級統戰部與臺辦關係初探（2006~2023）：以臺辦主任人事與業務為例

A Preliminary Study on the Relationship Between the Provincial-Level United Front Work Departments of the Communist Party of China and the Taiwan Affairs Offices (2006-2023): Case Studies on the Operations of Provincial-Level Taiwan Affairs Offices and the Political Mobility of Their Directors

本文從近三任中共省級臺辦主任背景與三省市業務個案來證明多數省臺辦與統戰部的不相統屬關係。過去對中共統戰部與臺辦互動解釋，多認為臺辦屬統戰系統，而在近年中共機構改革下，地方臺辦甚有納入「大統戰」傳言。但碎裂威權主義與中央地方關係的研究裡，卻認為機構有自主空間。本文因此從中共近三任八十五位省級臺辦主任背景調查，與三省市對臺業務管理情形切入，發現雖然近年來中共強調權力的再集中化，並具體落實於2018年機構改革中，但政策推動前後的省級臺辦主任更替並不普遍，出身背景仍舊多元，多由下級地方領導出任，與三省市對臺業務由臺辦管理情形，皆顯示出中國多數省臺辦具有獨立於統戰部外的自主性。

This paper analyzes the backgrounds of three recent directors and the operations of provincial-level Taiwan Affairs Offices (TAOs) in the PRC to argue that most TAOs are not affiliated with the United Front Work Departments (UFWDs). In the past, most analyses assumed that TAOs were in a weak position in their relationship with the UFWDs. The 2018 reforms of party and state institutions strengthened the view that the TAOs were highly subordinate to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the UFWDs. There are even rumors that local TAOs have been included in the“Great United Front.”However, research on fragmented authoritarianism and central-local relations argues that institutions have their own autonomy. Therefore, this paper investigates the backgrounds of 85 provincial-level TAO directors and the operations of some TAOs. It argues that although the CPC’s party and government reforms emphasized the recentralization of power in recent years, the number of replacements for TAO directors around 2018 has not been significant. Furthermore, the backgrounds of new TAO directors remain diverse, and Taiwan-related affairs in the provinces are still managed by the TAOs. Therefore, at the provincial level, TAOs still maintain relative autonomy from the UFWDs.