風險態度與保險需求：養殖水產保險的實證

Risk Attitudes and Demand for Insurance: Evidence from Aquaculture Insurance

經濟個體對於風險的態度與保險需求間的關係，為學術研究持續探討的重要議題之一，本文以養殖水產保險為研究對象，分別以收入損失的容忍程度與發生不可預期損失機率的認知作為風險態度的衡量，探討風險態度與保險購買意願間之關係。實證結果顯示漁民對於收入損失的容忍程度會影響其保險之購買意願，即損失容忍程度提高時，購買保險的意願會降低；此外，當漁民認為發生不可預期損失之機率提高時，即使面對較高的保費，漁民購買保險的意願亦會提高。本研究之發現顯示風險趨避與保險購買意願之間具有關聯性，因此支持期望效用理論的觀點，即風險趨避程度提高時，購買保險的意願亦會提高。考量內生性後之穩健性測試並未實質上改變本研究之結論。

The relationship between economic agents’risk attitudes and insurance demand has been widely studied. This study investigated the relationship between risk attitudes, evaluated by tolerance toward revenue losses and perception of the probability of incurring unexpected losses, and the demand for aquaculture insurance. Empirical results revealed that fishermen’s tolerance for revenue losses is significantly related to their willingness to purchase insurance, where the higher the tolerance for losses, the lower the demand for insurance. When fishermen expect the probability of incurring unexpected losses to increase, the inclination to purchase insurance also increases, although a higher premium may be charged. The findings indicated that there is a relationship between risk aversion and the intent to purchase insurance, supporting the argument of the expected utility theory, that is, a rise in risk aversion results in an increase in insurance demand. Robustness tests accounting for endogeneity did not alter the conclusions significantly.