探討國民中小學候用校長教育局處行政實習經驗與發展

Exploring the Experiences and Development of Principal Candidates in Elementary and Junior High Schools During Administrative Internships at Education Bureaus

面對全球化挑戰與教育改革的變遷，校長專業發展在職前培育、初任及在職階段，持續提升專業知能是相當重要的。臺灣各縣市政府教育局處導入「候用校長教育局處行政實習」方案，以擴展校長教育政策知能和行政能力，連結教育局處端與學校經營實務，為此，更有必要探討候用校長行政實習的經驗與發展，實為校長專業培訓制度的重要議題。
立基於此，本研究以質性訪談、文件分析及研究者省思日誌探討候用校長於教育局處的行政實習經驗與發展，採用立意取樣訪談6位具有教育局處實習經驗的候用校長。根據訪談資料綜整出四大主題，分別為行政科層體制、教育績效表現、自我調適與發展、專業支持體系。
研究結果顯示行政實習有助於候用校長連結地方教育行政科層體制與學校組織經營，培育系統性策略思考能力與問題解決能力；而局處行政實習繁重的業務量，影響候用校長的身心健康，實習內容著重行政能力增能，較少觸及學校實務增能培訓。研究者建議候用校長要能正向自我調適壓力以達身心平衡，且主動積極參與校長專業增能培訓；教育局處應系統性建立候用校長專業培訓的支持系統，以導入未來擔任現職校長的專業發展。

Taiwan’s county and city governments have introduced the“Princi¬pal Candidates’Administrative Internship Program”to expand knowl¬edge of educational policies and administrative capabilities. This study used qualitative interviews, document analysis, and the researcher’s re¬flective diary, and employed purposive sampling to interview six principal candidates with internship experience in the Education Bureau. Based on the interview data, four major themes were summarized: administrative bureaucracy, educational performance, self-adjustment and development, and professional support systems.
The research results show that administrative internships can help principal candidates connect educational administration and school or¬ganizations, cultivate systematic thinking and problem-solving skills, and assume responsibility for educational performance. However, the heavy workload of administrative internships affects the physical and mental health of principal candidates. The content of the internship focuses on enhancing administrative abilities and rarely involves practical training in schools. The study suggests that principal candidates should actively manage stress to achieve physical and mental balance and participate in professional training for principals. Additionally, the Education Bureau should establish a support system for the professional training of prin¬cipal candidates and develop a comprehensive professional development plan for principals.