家庭經濟社會文化地位、數學焦慮、好奇心、學校歸屬感、學習效能、教師支持對數學素養預測的探討——以臺灣參加PISA 2022為例

An Exploration into the Prediction of Mathematics Literacy by Family Socioeconomic Status, Mathematics Anxiety, Curiosity, School Belonging, Learning Efficacy, and Teacher Support: Evidence from Taiwan’s Participation in PISA 2022 Data

本研究以2022年臺灣參與國際學生能力評量計畫（Programme for International Student Assessment）的3,417名學生資料，探討學生家庭經濟社會文化地位、數學焦慮、好奇心、學校歸屬感、學習效能、教師支持對數學素養的預測，研究顯示：與學生數學素養的重要變項依序是家庭經濟社會文化地位、數學焦慮、好奇心、學校歸屬感、學習效能、教師支持。本研究特色在於發現，學生家庭經濟社會文化地位對於數學素養的解釋變異量最大，而數學學習焦慮仍不可忽略，同時學生在數學好奇心也是重要因素。而學生在學校歸屬感、學習效能、教師支持也是提高數學素養的因素。值得說明的是，學生的學校歸屬感對於數學素養為負向顯著影響，代表學生在校歸屬感與刻板印象會和數學素養有正向關係不同。學校應考量學生在數學學習的多樣因素，提出具體的改善建議。

This study employed the data of 3,417 students who participated in the Program for International Student Assessment in Taiwan in 2022 to explore the prediction of students’family economic and social cultural status, mathematics anxiety, curiosity, school belongingness, learning efficacy, and teacher support on mathematics literacy. The conclusions were as follows: The important variables related to students’mathemat¬ics literacy were, in order, family economic and social cultural status, mathematics anxiety, curiosity, school belonging, learning efficacy, and teacher support. The characteristic of this study was that it was found that students’family economic, social and cultural status explained the largest amount of variation in mathematics literacy, while mathematics learning anxiety cannot be ignored. At the same time, students’curios¬ity in mathematics was also an important factor. In addition, students’sense of belonging in school, learning effectiveness, and teacher support were also key factors in improving mathematics literacy. It was worth noting that students’sense of school belonging had a negative and signifi¬cant impact on mathematics literacy, which means that students’sense of school belonging and stereotypes will have a positive relationship with mathematics literacy. Schools should consider the various factors affect¬ing students’learning in mathematics and put forward specific sugges¬tions for improvement.