《里加憲章》作為國內鐵道文物車輛修復規範之實例──國家鐵道博物館籌備處館藏DR2100–DR2400型柴油客車之動態修復

DR2100–DR2400型柴油客車源自臺灣鐵路管理局前身臺灣總督府交通局鐵道部於1930年代購置之四型汽油客車，運行將近70年，並歷經多次大規模改造及更新。在1950年代柴油動力化改造後，臺灣鐵路管理局還曾特別以「飛快車」之名進行宣傳，其輕快的設計及新穎的內燃機系統，大幅縮短行車時間而廣受旅客好評，成為之後開啟飛快車時代的先端。1985年於唐榮鐵工廠完成最後一次車體更新後，主要以城鄉間連繫載具的角色行駛各地支線鐵路，直至1999年方停用。
2018年由文化部提議，與交通部合作簽訂「柴油客車DR2102等四輛維修暨教育推廣計畫」，2021年國家鐵道博物館籌備處、臺灣鐵路管理局與台灣車輛股份有限公司正式啟動車輛動態修復作業，於2023年全數完成修復作業。
本修復除依據遺產鐵道保存規範─《里加文化資產真實性與歷史性重建關係憲章》，亦參照當代文化資產修復再利用觀點擬定整體修復計畫，確保車輛細節與歷史價值得以保存，並符合動態運轉之需求；修復方式採「原型品」的模式進行，並由臺灣鐵路管理局、國家鐵道博物館籌備處及鐵道領域專家共同組成「文物車輛維修專案小組」充分討論、會勘、調查與考證，汲取首輛車的修復經驗，凝聚為後三輛的修復準則。

DR2100 to DR2400 series diesel railcars originated from gasoline-powered railcar purchased by the predecessor of the Taiwan Railways Administration (TRA), the Railway Department of the Office of the Governor-General of Taiwan, during the 1930s. The dieselization of these railcars in the 1950s led the TRA to promote them under the name Feikuai Che (飛快車, literally“Fast Train”), highlighting their streamlined design and innovative internal combustion engine systems. After structural overhaul at the Tang Eng Iron Works in 1985, these railcars primarily served as intercity and rural connectors on various branch lines in service until 1999.
In 2018, the Ministry of Culture initiated and collaborated with the Ministry of Transportation and Communications to sign the Diesel Railcar Maintenance and Educational Promotion Project, targeting the restoration of DR2102 and three others. In 2021, the TRA and the Preparatory Office of the National Railway Museum officially initiated the restoration of these railcars at the Taiwan Rolling Stock Corporation Limited. By 2023, the restoration was completed.
This restoration project was carried out in accordance with The Riga Charter on Authenticity and Historical Reconstruction in Relationship to Cultural Heritage (Riga Charter), an international guideline for heritage railway preservation, and incorporated perspectives on the adaptive reuse of cultural assets to develop a comprehensive restoration plan. The plan aimed to preserve the railcars’historical details and value while meeting the requirements for operation. The restoration process followed a prototype-based approach, in which one“prototype”railcar is restored before restoration of the other three railcars is initiated. A Heritage Railcar Maintenance Committee was formed, comprising experts from the TRA, the Preparatory Office of the National Railway Museum, and the railway sector. The committee engaged in discussions, inspections, investigations, and verifications, drawing lessons from the prototype’s restoration to define standardized principles for the remaining railcars.