從海事歷史角度再探廣丙艦及其沉沒澎湖事件

1895年12月21日，一艘日本海軍的軍艦「廣丙」在澎湖八罩島觸礁沉沒，艦上160人中有37人罹難。「廣丙艦」的特殊性在於其曾為大清帝國廣東水師委託馬尾船政局建造的軍艦，因北上參與甲午戰爭戰敗被日軍擄獲，經整修後派赴臺灣，最後在澎湖沉沒。事隔百年後，因成為文化部文化資產局列冊管理沉船遺址的水下文化資產標的，而再度被人注意。
研究「廣丙艦」不僅從水下文化資產的角度出發，也應從航海史、海軍史的角度出發，透過學術研究方法的不斷累積和更新，視角將更加宏觀、脈絡更加完整、內容更加準確，無論是用於出版還是展覽，都將為水下文化資產的社會教育做出積極貢獻。

On December 21, 1895, a warship of the Imperial Japanese Navy, the Kohei, ran aground and sank near Badao Island in Penghu, resulting in the death of 37 out of 160 crew members. The Kohei was unique in that it was originally commissioned into the Canton Fleet of the Qing Empire and built by the Foochow Arsenal. After being captured by the Japanese following its defeat in the First Sino-Japanese War, the ship was refitted and deployed to Taiwan, where it ultimately sank in Penghu. A century later, it regained attention when Taiwan’s Bureau of Cultural Heritage, under the Ministry of Culture, listed the shipwreck as an underwater cultural heritage site.
The study of the Kohei should not be limited to the perspective of underwater cultural heritage alone but must also incorporate perspectives of maritime and naval history. By continually advancing and updating academic research, we can achieve a more comprehensive perspective, richer context, and more accurate content regarding the Kohei. Whether for publications or exhibitions, such research will contribute significantly to the public education of underwater cultural heritage.