金屬製造業成功導入智慧製造之決策因素

Decision Factors for Successful Implementation of Smart Manufacturing in the Metal Manufacturing Industry

在臺灣半導體與晶圓代工產業快速發展的背景下，工具機產業成為第三個兆元級產業，而以中小企業為主的金屬製造業則位列全球第五大工具機產業。智慧製造技術的有效引入已成為產業升級的關鍵。
本研究之目的為了解金屬製造業成功導入智慧製造之決策因素，使中小金屬製造企業提升運營效率和導入智慧製造的可行路徑。因此，本研究應用層級程序法（Analytic Hierarchy Process），藉由相關文獻整理和焦點團體法深入訪談之意見，來建立之四個準則及其次準則來建構金屬製造業成功導入智慧製造之決策因素層級架構。其中四個準則包含：「財務觀點」、「內部流程觀點」、「顧客需求觀點」和「創新與學習觀點」四個準則。隨後應用層級分析法之層級問卷分析後，而得四個準則下之十二個次準則。研究結果分析發現，金屬製造業成功導入智慧製造之決策因素之準則中，前二個重要準則權重依序為「「顧客需求觀點」和「創新與學習觀點」。本研究提出中小型金屬製造企業在資源有限的情況下提升運營效率並導入智慧製造的可行方案，為金屬製造業在工業4.0背景下的智慧升級提供了實證支持與策略建議，有助於中小企業增強競爭力並穩固其全球供應鏈中的地位。

Amid the rapid development of Taiwan's semiconductor and wafer foundry industries, the machine tool sector has emerged as the third trillion-dollar industry. Meanwhile, the metal manufacturing industry, dominated by small and medium-sized enterprises, ranks as the fifth-largest machine tool industry globally. The effective adoption of smart manufacturing technologies has become a critical driver for industrial upgrading.
The purpose of this study is to understand the decision-making factors for the successful implementation of smart manufacturing in the metal manufacturing industry, thereby enhancing operational efficiency and identifying feasible pathways for the adoption of smart manufacturing in small and medium-sized metal manufacturing enterprises. This study applies the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), utilizing a review of relevant literature and in-depth interviews through the focus group method to establish four main criteria and their sub-criteria to construct a hierarchical framework of decision-making factors for successful smart manufacturing implementation in the metal manufacturing industry. The four main criteria include: ''Financial Perspective,'' ''Internal Process Perspective,'' ''Customer Demand Perspective,'' and ''Innovation and Learning Perspective.'' Through AHP hierarchical questionnaire analysis, twelve sub-criteria under these four main criteria were identified. The analysis of the research findings shows that among the decision-making factors for the successful implementation of smart manufacturing in the metal manufacturing industry, the two most important criteria in order of weight are ''Customer Demand Perspective'' and ''Innovation and Learning Perspective.''
This study proposes feasible solutions for small and medium-sized metal manufacturing enterprises to enhance operational efficiency and adopt smart manufacturing despite limited resources. It provides empirical support and strategic recommendations for the smart upgrading of the metal manufacturing industry in the context of Industry 4.0, helping SMEs strengthen their competitiveness and consolidate their position in the global supply chain.