日本雇用外國人政策研究——特定技能簽證

Research on Japan's Employment Policy for Foreign Workers: Specified Skilled Worker Visa

勞動市場上技術人力短缺現象，已經成為全球許多國家所面臨的問題，日本也未能免於此現象的衝擊。特別是、隨著日本人口高齡化以及少子女化趨勢，國內勞動力減少導致各產業面臨嚴重的勞動力短缺問題，尤其對技術密集型產業衝擊更大。為了解決這一問題，日本政府採取了一系列勞動政策措施，希冀藉由引進外國技術人力以彌補國內勞動力不足。本文將從日本的特定技能簽證之政策背景、具體措施、實施成效及課題方面，探討日本引進外國技術人力的政策對策及其面臨的問題，並期望從中得出對台灣具啟示意義的借鏡參考。

The shortage of skilled labor in the job market has become a significant issue faced by many countries worldwide, and Japan is no exception. In particular, due to the trends of an aging population and declining birth rates, Japan's domestic labor force is decreasing, leading to severe labor shortages across various industries, especially in technology-intensive sectors. To address this issue, the Japanese government has implemented a series of labor policy measures, aiming to supplement the domestic labor force by introducing foreign skilled workers. This paper examines Japan’s policy approach to introducing foreign skilled labor through the Specified Skilled Worker visa, focusing on its policy background, specific measures, implementation outcomes, and challenges. Additionally, it seeks to derive insights and valuable references for Taiwan based on Japan’s experience.