我國愛滋病毒感染者因COVID-19感染死亡之相關風險因子初探

Preliminary Exploration of Risk Factors for COVID-19-Related Mortality among People Living with HIV in Taiwan

為減少愛滋病毒感染者感染嚴重特殊傳染性肺炎(COVID-19)及死亡風險，積極請衛生局及愛滋指定醫事機構衛教穩定就醫的愛滋感染者接種疫苗及聯繫失聯之愛滋感染者回診服藥及接種疫苗，維持免疫力與達到愛滋病毒量測不到狀態，亦於愛滋防治相關民間團體等社群宣傳呼籲COVID-19疫苗。本回溯性研究，以截至2022年12月31日通報，並扣除2021年7月以前死亡之愛滋感染者共36,404人為研究對象，多變項分析結果顯示，相較有接種疫苗者，未接種疫苗者因COVID-19死亡的勝算比為5.5 (95% CI: 2.3–13.1)，其他顯著影響愛滋感染者因COVID-19死亡的因子包括年齡大於40歲(41–49歲，OR: 9.3, 95% CI: 1.1–75.9；≥50歲，OR: 11.3, 95% CI: 1.4–92.2)、感染愛滋危險因子為其他(OR: 27.1, 95% CI: 7.0–104.9)。為減少愛滋感染者感染COVID-19併發重症或死亡的風險，建議愛滋感染者應完整接種COVID-19疫苗。

To reduce the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and death among individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), active efforts are being made to educate and encourage HIV-infected individuals to receive COVID-19 vaccinations. Health bureaus and designated HIV healthcare facilities are actively promoting vaccination and reaching out to HIV-infected individuals who might have lost contact to ensure they return for medical care, medication adherence, and vaccination. The goal was to maintain immunity and achieve an undetectable viral load status in HIV patients. Community organizations involved in HIV prevention and treatment are also actively promoting and advocating for COVID-19 vaccination.
In this retrospective study, the research subjects consisted of 36,404 HIV-infected individuals reported as of December 31, 2022, excluding those who died before July 2021. The multivariate analysis results showed that the odds of COVID-19-related death were 5.5 times higher among those who were not vaccinated (95% CI: 2.3–13.1). Other significant factors influencing COVID-19-related death among HIV-infected individuals included age over 40 (41-49 years old, OR: 9.3, 95% CI: 1.1–75.9;≥50 years old, OR: 11.3, 95% CI: 1.4–92.2), and risk factors of infecting with HIV was others (unspecified cause and pending, OR: 27.1, 95% CI: 7.0–104.9).
To minimize the risk of severe complications or death from COVID-19 among HIV-infected individuals, it is recommended that they complete the COVID-19 vaccination series.