推動淨零轉型對勞動市場影響之國際比較研析

International Comparative Analysis of the Impact of Promoting Net-Zero Just Transition on the Labor Market

淨零排放為全球主要國家共同目標，隨著2030年階段性里程碑及2050年目標的時程逐漸接近，為了能夠順利達成淨零，使產業發展與環境保護之間取得衡平的同時，如何兼顧勞動者能順利轉銜且持續就業，是公正轉型的重要意涵。本研究目的包含下列：1.探討國際間推動淨零轉型之人力資源政策並進行比較分析；2.模擬推估我國推動淨零轉型對勞動市場之可能影響；3.調查我國企業淨零轉型之推動現況與因應措施。本研究分別透過文獻研析、可計算一般均衡模型（Computable General Equilibrium模型，簡稱CGE模型）推估以及問卷調查等研究方法進行資料分析，根據所獲致之研究結果，進一步瞭解我國在淨零情境下勞動市場面臨的問題，以作為研擬我國勞動力發展政策之參考。

Sustainable development has been the overarching goal of the international community since the UN Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) in 1992. As the timelines for the 2030 milestone and the 2050 net-zero emissions target approach, ensuring a balanced development between industry growth and environmental protection becomes crucial. At the same time, it is essential to ensure that workers can smoothly transition and remain employed, which is the core meaning of a just transition. The objectives of this study include: 1) exploring and conducting a comparative analysis of international human resource policies promoting net-zero transition; 2) simulating and estimating the potential impacts of promoting net-zero transition on the labor market in our country; and 3) investigating the current status and response measures of our country's enterprises in promoting net-zero transition. This study employs various research methods, including literature review, computable general equilibrium (CGE) model estimation, and questionnaire surveys for data analysis. Based on the research findings, we further understand the challenges faced by the labor market under the net-zero scenario, providing a reference for developing labor force development policies in our country.