臺灣民眾對數位接觸追蹤技術態度之影響因素

Factors Determining Public Attitudes Towards Digital Contact Tracing Technologies in Taiwan

鑒於行動通訊裝置、物聯網與大數據分析技術之普及，數位接觸追蹤技術（DCTs）成為在COVID-19大流行期間，各國政府用以控制疾病擴散的新興利器，然有關這些技術在隱私、技術穩定性與可近用性等方面的顧慮卻從未止歇。本研究檢視影響公眾對政府使用DCTs（包含電子圍籬、大數據分析、簡訊實聯制與臺灣社交距離App）看法之因素。透過最小平方法與邏輯斯回歸分析450份網路問卷之結果顯示，認知有效性、隱私考量、政治信任、社會性和法遵性均與DCT整體接受度有顯著關聯。惟在細分DCT類別後，僅認知有效性和政治信任能穩健地預測公眾正面態度。政治信任與志願性DCTs（簡訊實聯制、臺灣社交距離）之接受度擁有較強的關聯性；而親社會性僅與強制性DCTs（電子圍籬、大數據分析）之接受度顯著相關。本文的研究貢獻在於針對過往文獻所提出的因素進行廣泛檢驗，並比較影響多種DCTs政策接受度的關鍵因素。本研究結果支持以同時部署多種DCT以提升民眾的政策順服度。

Due to the popularization of mobile communication devices, the Internet of Things, and big data analysis techniques, digital contact tracing technologies (DCTs) have become novel tools for governments worldwide to curb the spread of COVID-19. However, concerns about the privacy, technical stability, and accessibility of these technologies have not been studied thoroughly. This paper examines factors related to the public’s acceptance of the government’s use of four different DCTs: geofencing, big data analysis, short message real-name registration, and the Taiwan Social Distancing App. The analysis of online questionnaires (N=450) with ordinary least squares and logistic regression shows that perceived usefulness, privacy concern, trust, pro-social, and compliance are significantly associated with general DCT acceptance. However, when the DCT categories are further divided, only perceived usefulness and political trust can consistently predict positive attitudes. In particular, accepting voluntary DCTs (short message real-name registration and the Taiwan Social Distancing App) has stronger associations with political trust, while the pro-social inclination is only associated with coercive DCTs (geofencing and big data analysis). The primary contribution of this study lies in examining a comprehensive set of factors proposed by previous literature and comparing factors affecting the acceptance of various DCT policies. This study also endorses the simultaneous deployment of multiple DCTs to bolster policy compliance.