立原翠軒的學問體系及其與「中期水戶學」之發展

日本「水戶學」的學涵蓋德川光圈（1628-1701）《大日本史》的編史精神與朱舜水（1600-1682）的學問傳播，可謂綜合神道與國學、儒學，「神儒一致」、「忠孝一體」、「效忠君主」等以道德為核心思想的詮釋，前後建立了一套以「大義名分論」為核心的尊皇思想體系。在前後期水戶學的學問及其思想的發展過程當中，立原翠軒（1744-1823），扮演了承先啟後的角色。日本學術界對立原翠軒的學問體系與後期水學形成的關連性及效應研究有不足之處。本文針對「中期水學」的演化過程，立原翠軒所扮演的角色及其功能、定位進行考察，期能釐清歷史真相並補足水戶學整體發展史的一段空白。

The doctrine of the“Mitogaku”水戶學school encompasses the historiographical spirit of Tokugawa Mitsukuni’s德川光圀(1628-1701) Dai Nihonshi大日本史(History of Great Japan) and the dissemination of the thought of Zhu Zhiyu朱之瑜(art name Shunshui舜水, 1600-1682). It can be further described as synthesizing the interpretations of Shinto, Kokugaku (National Learning), and Confucianism as well as of the“unity of Shinto and Confucianism,”the“unity of loyalty and filial piety,”“loyalty to the emperor,”and other morality-based ideas, establishing a system of thought on respect for the emperor with a theory of higher principles as its core. In the developmental process of the knowledge and ideology of early and later Mitogaku, Tachihara Suiken立原翠軒(1744-1823) played a role of inheriting the past and paving the way for the future. There are shortcomings, however, in the Japanese academic community’s research on the correlation between Tachihara Suiken’s knowledge system and the formation of later Mitogaku as well as the impact of the former. This paper examines the role, function, and positioning of Tachihara Suiken in the evolution of“middle”Mitogaku, aiming to clarify historical truths and fill a lacuna in its overall developmental history.