愛滋病毒感染者心理劇經驗

愛滋病毒感染者（以下簡稱：「感染者」）因為疾病症狀、治療帶來的身體與心理不適，以及社會烙印與缺乏社會支持，帶給感染者許多生活的壓力。本文即以感染者為對象進行心理劇介入，分享應用心理劇於感染者的過程及經驗。作者於2001年底及2002年底，各辦理一梯次限感染者參加的心理劇團體，每一梯次6次，每次3小時。共有15名男性，參加成員均自陳為同性戀者，平均年齡為33歲，平均感染年數2.2年，參加者均完成活動前的訪談。團體採主導演（男性）、副導演（女性）共同合作進行的方式，保密原則是團體的首先要求。兩梯次過程共進行了12個議題的演劇，依議題性質可以分為七類：1.面對死亡的焦慮；2.自責心結；3.如何遵從醫囑服藥；4.如何告知他人自己的同志或感染者身分；5.對疾病及未來的無力感與不確定性；6.尋求自己的生命意義及生命態度；7.尋求自我肯定及內在力量。似乎顯示出對「生」與「死」的糾結徘徊，及在「追求」與「失落」之間的兩難。感染者是很適合進行心理劇工作的一群，透過心理劇可以達到情緒渲洩，對感染造成的衝擊有新的體悟，並且增加社會支持網路。但是心理劇自發性及創造性的表達方式，可能會受到成員擔心曝光的影響，而降低他們在心理劇中開放的表達及參加意願。導演的自我檢核在本文中有許多的討論。

Persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) sustain so many pressures since they were diagnosed to be HIV positive. These pressures come from the side effect of medical treatment, the isolation and stigma by the society, and the endlessness of the medical care, which in turn, decrease the ability of the PLWHA in self-development and self-care. To empower PLWHA to be able to deal with the pressures, we held psychodrama workshops from October 2001 to Oct. 2002. Overall 15 male PLWHA who are homosexual were recruited in two workshops. Individual pre-interview was done on the participants before each workshop to make sure they knew what psychodrama was. Each workshop was schemed as a 6 times of 3-hour section. There were two directors coordinated the workshops. The confidentiality of the group was our first requests. Some serious social-psychological issues were explored through the process of psychodrama in our workshops. 1.) PLWHA expressed their anxiety in confronting death. 2.) showed strong guilty feeling to themselves, especially when their friends were passed away for AIDS. 3.) had little confidence in adhering to the medical regimen, cause they were not sure if they would fully recover from AIDS. 4.) scared to inform their families and friends about their PLWHA or homosexual status because of stigma. 5.) felt hopelessness and uncertain to their life and future. 6.) had low self-esteem even though they have accomplishments in their career. 7.) started to seek out the meaning of their life. Through emotional catharsis and cognition reframing in the process of psychodrama, participants grew their ability in self-development and increase their social support network.