大學生肌肉鬆弛法及指溫生理回饋訓練團體之初探

目的：本研究的目的在探討以團體方式進行「肌肉鬆弛法」合併「指溫生理回饋」之壓力管理訓練課程的可行性及其精神與生理效應。方法：共23位大學生參與為期十週的訓練團體，其中20人完整接受前測與後測之量表評估，包括：Brief Symptom Rating Scale（BSRS50）；Maudsley Personality Inventory（MPI）；Cook and Medley hostility subscale in MM PI（MMPI Hostility）；Anxiety Sensitivity Index（ASI）等，其中16人接受前測與後測深呼吸之心跳變異（Heart Rate Variability during Deep Breathing，HRDB）之評估。結果：在接受完訓練課程之後，BSRS50之一般症狀指數（GSI）由0.90±0.52減少至0.63±0.39，有顯著改善（t=2.515，p=0.021）。ASI（前測值：15.86±11.63，後測值：10.81±7.17，t=2.565，p=0.018）、MPI之神經質傾向（前測值：26.48±7.28，後測值：23.0±8.05，t=2.085，p=0.050）以及外向性傾向（前測值：24.52±10.45，後測值：18.67±6.84，t=4.275，p=0.000）均有顯著變化。深呼吸之心跳變異（HRDB）則未達顯著差異（t=0.666，p=0.515）。此外，前測焦慮敏感指數（ASI）與BSRS-50之一般症狀指數以及陽性症狀嚴重度之前後測得分差達顯著正相關。結論：短期「肌肉鬆弛法」合併「指溫生理回饋」之團體訓練課程可以順利進行並可能改善大學生的身心焦慮症狀；其中焦慮敏感指數（ASI）之高低與訓練後症狀改善程度顯著相關，可作為預測訓練成效的指標。

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility and the psychological and physiological effectiveness of the stress management training group based on ''muscle relaxation'' combined with ''thermal biofeedback'' method. Methods: Twentythree college students joined the tenweek training group. Twenty of them performed complete evaluation measurements before and after the group training, including: Brief Symptom Rating Scale (BSRS50); Maudsley Personality Inventory(MPI); Cook and Medley hostility subscale in MMPI (MMPI-Hostility); Anxiety Sensitivity Index(ASI), etc.. Sixteen of them received evaluation for the ''Heart Rate Variability during Deep Breathing, HRDB'' before and after the group training. Results: After the training completed, the GSI of BSRS50 decreased from 0.90±0.52 to 0.63±0.39, with significant improvement (t=2.515, p=0.021). Besides, the ASI (pretest: 15.86±11.63, posttest: 10.81±7.17, t=2.565, p=0.018), the MPI-Neuroticism (pretest: 26.48±7.28, posttest: 23.0±8.05, t=2.085, p=0.050) and MPI-Extroversion (pretest:24.52±10.45, posttest: 18.67±6.84, t=4.275,p=0.000) are all with significant change, but HRDB without significant change (t=0.666, p=0.515). Furthermore, there were positive correlations between ASI and△GSI as well as △PSDI. Conclusions: The shortterm group training course base on ''muscle relaxation'' combined with ''thermal biofeedback'' method can be proceeded successfully and may improve the anxiety symptoms of college students. The ASI is significantly correlated to the improvement of the symptoms after the training, and could be used as the predictive index of estimating the effectiveness of the training.