認知行為團體治療對憂鬱症病患的成效評估

本研究對象以台南地區精神科門診的憂鬱症病患為母群體，採實驗設計研究法，由醫師徵詢在門診治療的憂鬱症患者，將願意參與認知行為團體治療者列為研究對象，採分層隨機抽樣的原則，分層的條件為性別與年齡，分為實驗組和控制組，其中實驗組提供認知行為團體治療；另一組則列為對照組，二組人數各為13人。本治療團體乃由前二位研究者擔任主要治療者與協同治療者，以結構性的團體互動設計，對實驗組進行認知行為團體治療。兩組同時在團體治療前、團體結束後，評量其在治療前後病患的認知型態、憂鬱症狀、應對策略的改變情形。研究結果發現：參加此認知行為團體治療之病患對於個人化和災難化的認知錯誤型態，確實較對照組有顯著的進步，而憂鬱症狀和應對策略則沒有顯著的差異存在。期望由此結果可以擴展此實驗性團體治療的模式，未來可以在門診治療中納入此認知行為治療團體設置，以改變病患的負面思考與自我挫敗型態，進而協助病患找到可以替代其功能不良的認知基模。

This study was to examine the treatment effect of cognitive-behavior group therapy for improving their cognitive errors, emotional responses and coping strategies of depression. A two-group quasi-experimental research design has been conducted. Psychiatrists referred 26 subjects from depression clinics in a medical center from October 1996 to June 1997. Subjects themselves could choose to participate one of two groups: (1) treatment group, subjects in this group received 2-hour cognitive-behavior group therapy weekly for 10 sessions; and (2) control group without any group therapy. Three kinds of instruments, which were the Beck Depression Inventory, the Cognitive Style Test and the Cognitive Error Questionnaire, and Coping Strategies Scale were used. Data were collected pre and post group therapy by self-report measurements. The results demonstrated that the catastrophe and personalization cognitive error of treatment groups were significantly better than control group (p<0.05). Findings supported the positive therapeutic effect of treatment group on correcting dysfunctional thought patterns of depression. Applying this cognitive-behavior group therapy programs by mental health team workers, and can foster the therapeutic function to make the mental rehabilitation for depression more comprehensively.