神經回饋與認知行為遊戲治療介入輔助ADHD治療之效果分析研究

本研究旨在探討認知行為遊戲治療與神經生理回饋治療對於過動暨專注力不足（ADHD）兒童之治療介入效果比較。本研究設計分為對照組、腦波回饋組以及認知行為遊戲治療（CBPT）組，並蒐集治療前（T1）、治療後（T2）、半年追蹤測（T3）等三個時間點的資料，進行處遇效果與組別差異之比較。研究結果顯示，對照組（即僅服藥組）學童治療16週時，在CPT3的「訊號偵測」，以及「干擾性行為」「家長評估」跟「教師評估」有顯著的改善；腦波回饋組（服藥加腦波回饋訓練）治療16週後，於「訊號偵測」、「失誤率」、「錯答率」、「反應時間」、「θ/βsquare」、「家長評估」等具顯著差異，「教師評估」沒有顯著差異，但治療六個月後，「教師評估」轉為顯著差異；CBPT組（服藥加CBPT）治療16週後，在「訊號偵測」、「失誤率」、「錯答率」、「θ/βsquare」、「家長評估」與「教師評估」均有立即的效果，但在「反應時間」上則無顯著的變化，治療六個月後，「反應時間」、「家長評估」、「教師評估」顯示具有追蹤效果。
處遇效果研究結果顯示，腦波回饋組、CBPT治療組對ADHD學童的治療介入均有成效，唯治療向度不同，效果各有差異；本研究建議未來腦波回饋組應設定合宜清楚的治療目標，且ADHD兒童的治療宜結合多模式治療，以產生最大介入效果。

This study aimed to investigate the effects of 16 weeks of cognitive behavioral play therapy (CBPT) and neurofeedback (NF) on children with ADHD before treatment (T1), immediately after treatment (T2), and 6 months after treatment (T3) . In the control group (children administered medication alone) at T2, detectability (a CPT3 measure), disruptive behavior, parent-reported child behavior, and teacher-reported child behavior significantly improved relative to their T1 levels. In the NF group (children given NF and medication) at T2, detectability, omissions, commissions, reaction time,θ/β2, and parent-reported child behavior significantly improved relative to their T1 levels. The control and NF groups did not significantly differ at T2, but the control group had better teacher-reported child behavior relative to the NF group at T3.In the CBPT group (children administered CBPT with medication) at T2, detectability, omissions, commissions,θ/β2, parent report, and teacher report but not reaction time significantly improved relative to their T1 levels; at T3,reaction time, parent-reported child behavior, and teacher-reported child behavior were better relative to their T1 levels, indicating lasting improvements in these aspects.
In conclusion, CBPT and NF yielded improvements but in different aspects. Reasonable and clear treatment goals must be set when using NF. Multiple treatments may be combined in the future for greater efficacy.