從限制性別的特考談人才考選的困境   全文下載

The Dilemma Confronted in Certain Civil Service Special Examinations on Gender Restriction

本文針對目前仍然限制性別的特考，如國安情報、調查、海巡特考，以及曾經限制性別、目前已取消性別限制的關務與外交特考詳作男女錄取率的分析與比較。結果顯示當限制女性錄取名額時，女性錄取機率（錄取名額除以到考人數）的確低於男性的錄取機率。當性別限制取消後，女性外交領事人員錄取人數大幅上升，但是細查近四年的英文組女性外交領事人員錄取機率其實均低於男性機率。關務特考亦呈現類似情況，不見得全然有利女性。
用人機關之所以要限制女性錄取的名額，各有相近似的限制理由。但是多位女性團體代表並不以為然，本文綜合各方意見，針對歷次提出的限制理由表示了不同的看法。
依據現行公務人員考選、訓練、任用的各項法令，本文認為這幾項限制性別考選的特殊機關所面臨的用人困擾，其實根本不是「性別」的問題，而是在目前各種相關僵化規定制度之下，「性別」無辜的被犧牲成為「代罪羔羊」。因此本文針對「人才招募」、「用人困境」以及如何「走出困境」提出作者個人的意見。

This article firstly gives a detailed analysis and comparison on certain civil service special examinations that still have gender restriction, such as national security agents, investigation officers, coast guards, and other special exams that used to have gender restriction in the past, such as customs officers and diplomatic officers. The results indicate that the qualification rate of females (the qualified divided by sitting) is indeed lower than that of males. After the gender restriction was eliminated, the number of females eligible for diplomatic consular officers has increased significantly. In a close review, however, it is found that the qualification rate of female consular officers in the language of English category over the past 4 years is actually lower than that of male examinees. In the recent gender-open exams for customs officers, a similar unfavorable situation for female participants is also revealed. In short, after the gender restriction was lifted, female examinees might face an even tougher competition.
All these recruiting governmental agencies have similar reasons for putting restriction on number of females being recruited. Yet many female group representatives disagree on those reasons. This article has collected opinions of various parties, and gives different viewpoints aiming at gender restriction reasons raised at each exam.
Based on the current laws and regulations of civil servants’screening, training, and appointment, this article discusses that the dilemma confronted by those government agencies which have gender restriction on recruitment exams, is actually not an issue about“gender”, but in fact,“gender”is innocent, only sacrificed as“scapegoat”under the current rigid regulations concerned. Therefore, this article focuses on the following subjects of recruitment of public servants, dilemma confronted by recruitment, and how to overcome difficulties.