門診精神官能症患者「壓力免疫團體」的回顧與展望

Stress-Immunity Group Therapy for Neurotic Outpatients The Past and The Perspectives

台灣的團體治療心理治療研究至今，多偏向單一團體的研究報告。本文試圖回顧一個針對門診精神官能症患者設計的短期封閉性半結構式團體心理治療－「壓力免疫團體」三年來七個梯次的發展，分作四個時期：（一）拓荒期－緣起，（二）成長期－探索，（三）穩定期－成型，（四）分化期－轉變，就團體次數的簡化、帶領策略的調整、工作人員的傳承、自助團體的催化，來說明各時期的演變。最後，並檢討其限制，展望團體轉型後之未來，應結合封閉團體、開放團體及自助團體共同發展，相輔相成，自助助人，兼顧工作人員的訓練與人力成本，造福更多需要幫助的病友。這樣一個團體發展經驗的報告，可供未來有興趣發展類似團體者參考。

Most of the studies of group therapy in Taiwan are focused on a single group design. This paper aids to review a short-term semi-structure close-ended group therapy model for neurotic outpatients - ''Stress-Immunity Group Therapy'' (SIG) and to prospect the future development. The author divide the development process of the seven groups within three years into four stages: (1) Exploration, (2) Growth, (3) Stabilization, (4) Differentiation. The modification of these four stages about the times of the group, the strategies of leadership, the training of staffs and the facilitation of self-help group are also discussed. Finally, the limitation and the forecast of SIG are addressed. In the future, the best strategy of SIG should combine three kinds of format: open, close and self help groups which will maintain the function of training, decreased the expense of staffs, and facilitate the self help power. The experiences of SIG could be the reference of the ones who are interesting in developing a new model of outpatient group therapy.