以健康信念模式探討就醫民眾使用自費健康檢查行為意向之研究──以中部某區域醫院為例

Health Belief Model-based Study on the Behavioral Intention of the General Public to use Self-paid Health Examination Services: Insights from a Regional Hospital in Central Taiwan

目的
近年醫療進步使國人平均餘命提高，各家醫院紛紛成立健康檢查中心推動自費健康檢查來篩檢疾病。由於利用率一直無法提升，故本研究以健康信念模式來探討民眾對自費健康檢查的認知與使用自費健康檢查的行為意向。
方法
本研究對象為中部某區域教學醫院門診就診病患或陪同家屬，以橫斷式現場發放問卷，共發出300份問卷，回收258份有效問卷，有效問卷回收率為86.0％。資料以SPSS25.0版統計套裝軟體進行描述性和推論性統計分析。
結果
受訪者有做過自費健康檢查百分比為40.9％。邏輯斯迴歸分析結果顯示「教育程度愈高」、「每月平均收入愈高」、「自覺接受自費健康檢查利益性愈高」、「行動線索愈高」及「自覺接受自費健康檢查障礙性愈低」接受自費健康檢查的行為意向就愈高。
結論
研究發現門診病人有較高的自費健康檢查行為意向，建議健檢中心可透過醫護人員加強宣導，推廣健康檢查的重要性，鼓勵民眾多使用自費健康檢查做好自主健康管理。（

Purposes
Medical advances in recent years have led to an increase in the average life expectancy in Taiwan. Consequently, many hospitals have established health examination centers to promote self-paid health examinations to screen for diseases. However, the utilization rate of such health examination centers has remained low. In this study, the health belief model was used to explore the perceptions of the general public on self-paid health examinations and their behavioral intentions to use the service.
Methods
The participants in this study were patients or their accompanying family members in the outpatient clinics of a regional teaching hospital in central Taiwan. A cross-sectional design was adopted, and questionnaires were distributed on site. In total, 300 questionnaires were distributed, and 258 valid responses were received, giving a valid recovery rate of 86.0%. The SPSS 25.0 statistic software package was used for all descriptive and inferential statistical analyses of the data.
Results
According to the responses received, 40.9% of the participants had performed self-paid health examinations. Logistic regression analysis showed that participants with a higher education level, higher average monthly income, greater perceived benefits, greater cues to action, and lower perceived barriers of self-paid health examinations had a higher behavioral intention to use self-paid health examination services.
Conclusions
In conclusion, this study showed that outpatients had a high behavioral intention to receive self-paid health examinations. It is recommended that health examination centers enhance and promote health education through their medical staff to emphasize the importance of health examinations and encourage the public to use self-paid health examinations to manage their own health.