杜甫詩舅氏人物身分辨證──「崔頊、崔頂」及「崔俠、崔偉」身分考實

The Identification of Du Fu's Two Matrilateral Uncles: Discussion about the Differentiations of “Cui Xu & Cui Ding” and “Cui Xia & Cui Wei”

Based on the theory that the biological mother of Du Fu（杜甫） was actually a member of the Bo-ling Cui families（博陵崔氏）, this article reexamines the historical identity of Du Fu's two matrilateral uncles, “Cui Xu”（崔頊） and “Cui Xia”（崔俠）, in order to correct the frequent errors in previous scholarship by analyzing ancient records, epitaphs and other historical documentation and comparing the investigations on those old editions of the collections of all the writings, which were containing compositions and poems, of both Quan De-yu（權德輿）and Du Fu. It point out that there was indeed a “Cui Xu” in “Tables of the Chancellors' Genealogies” of XinTangShu（《新唐書‧宰相世系表》）. However, this “Cui Xu” was not the “Nineteenth Elder”（十九翁）, who was one of Du Fu's matrilateral uncles mentioned in Du Fu's poems, but in reality a remote cousin of “Nineteenth Elder” himself. Instead, the correct name of the “Nineteenth Elder” was “Cui Ding”（崔頂）, which was proved by both Quan De-yu's collected essays, printed in the Southern Song Dynasty, and an epitaph of the Bo-ling Cuis' member collected by the QianTangZhiZhai（千唐誌齋）. As for the “Cui Xia”, this name was also found in “Tables of the Chancellors' Genealogies” of XinTangShu, yet this “Cui Xia” was actually not Du Fu's “Twenty-third Matrilateral Uncle”（二十三舅）. This historical fact could be verified by Cui Xia's ancestry and conspectus of official service recorded in his epitaph, which was also collected by the QianTangZhiZhai. Furthermore, the annotations written by Du Fu himself in The Collection of Du Gongbu（《杜工部集》）, which was published in the Southern Song Dynasty, showed that the name of Du Fu's “Twenty-third Matrilateral Uncle” should actually be “Cui Wei”（崔偉） rather than “Cui Xia”.