| 英文摘要 |
This paper focuses on the ''fǎsuǒ'', stored by local Taoist masters in temples in the Zhushan area of Nantou County, Taiwan. It employs methods such as literature review, field investigation, and typological analysis to explore the connection between the development of Taoism in the Zhushan area and local society through the material appearance of ''fǎsuǒ.'' The examination of the Taoist scriptures transmitted by masters in the Zhushan area reveals references to ''Zhang, Zhao, Hu,'' a name different from the ''Golden Whip Saint'' popular in central and southern Taiwan but similar to the legends passed down by the Red-Headed Taoist masters of the San Nai Pai in the north. During ritual occasions, Taoist masters in the Zhushan area commonly refer to ''fǎsuǒ'' as ''èr jiàng'' , a term actually borrowed from the local mainstream belief in the title of ''Xuantian Shangdi's leading turtle and snake generals.'' This example illustrates the phenomenon of localization in the transmission of Taoist knowledge, which mutually references the dominant local beliefs.
Field investigations into the distribution, quantity, placement, and types of ''fǎsuǒ'' stored in local temples in the Zhushan area reveal that forty percent of local temples store ''fǎsuǒ,'' almost always placed next to the Five Camp Banners inside the temple, reflecting the close relationship between the ritual function of ''fǎsuǒ'' and the Five Camp Generals. Typological analysis of the ''fǎsuǒ'' collected in this survey roughly categorizes them into two types: wrapped and straight-bodied, with the former being more prevalent. In terms of ''fǎsuǒ'' production, locally produced ones primarily use rattan materials and tend to pursue realism in the form of biological snakes. Due to the versatility of rattan materials, shaping according to form becomes the main practice for local Taoist masters in making ''fǎsuǒ,'' thus shaping the regional style of ''fǎsuǒ'' craftsmanship. |
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