偶像養成的場域鬥爭初探：以日本女團為例

Preliminary Research of the Field Struggle in Idol Cultivation: A Case Study of Japanese Girl Groups

近年來，偶像流行文化席捲全球流行娛樂產業，正當大眾對「偶像」的想法總是抱持著一群漂亮、帥氣、可愛的人們在幕前載歌載舞的刻板印象時，卻忽略了他們在幕後現實殘酷下的養成內涵，究竟舞台之外的偶像們經歷過什麼？他們又是如何在運營規制下的團內競爭中求得生存？本研究欲運用場域論、劇場理論和媒介中介的概念，以日本偶像女團的成員個體做為行動者主體的分析視角，描繪偶像養成過程中的能動突破。從個體成員參加徵選、角色定位、選拔組與Center之爭等的社會實踐過程中，發現偶像個體成員會將團體規制內化與自我慣習融合調整，並根據所處的團體角色位置，形成初步的社會資本，據此建立內部關係；之後隨著自我對運營管理控制和對其他成員的支配權力程度，再逐步調整自身的慣習和人際關係，以增加自我在團體中的談判籌碼。此外，在團體場域的角力競爭上，個體則充分運用媒介中介化特質，將自我角色設定透過媒介力場與外部建構出形象資本的社會關係，並以此強化自我在團體內部的權力關係和不可取代性象徵籌碼，而這偶像發展的實踐迴路也隨之生成偶像個體發掘自我的養成人生。

In recent years, idol pop culture has swept through the global entertainment industry. While the public often harbors stereotypes of idols as a group of beautiful, handsome, and cute people performing on stage, this ignores the harsh realities behind their development. What do these idols go through off-stage? How do they survive in the competitive environment within the group under operational regulations? This study aims to employ theories of field, dramaturgy, and media mediation to analyze the individual members of Japanese idol girl groups as agents. It seeks to depict the agency breakthroughs in the idol cultivation. Through the social practices of individual members, such as participation in auditions, role positioning, and struggles for selection and central position, it is found that the idols have internalized group rules and adjusted their habitus. Depending on their role within the group, they form initial social capital and establish internal relationships. Subsequently, as they gain more control over management operations and power over other members, they readjust their habitus and interpersonal relationships to increase their bargaining power within the group. Furthermore, in the competitive struggles within the group's field, individuals fully utilize the characteristics of media mediation to construct social relations of image capital through the media power field, thus strengthening their relationships of power and irreplaceable symbolic capital within the group. This practical circuit of idol development also leads to the formation of the idols' life cultivation as they discover themselves.