台灣高中國文教科書新詩選文之典律研究

The Canons of Modern Poetry in Mandarin Textbooks at Taiwan Senior High School

高中國文教科書受到課綱規範，新詩保障比例在88課綱中為「每學年一課」，95課綱、101課綱至103微調課綱提高為「每學期一課」，108課綱又調降為「每學年一課」；而在課綱要求下，教科書選詩試圖反映文學史的典律，卻同時製造出了另一套典律。本文以「典律」來觀察高中國文教科書的新詩選文的縱向移轉與橫向比較，梳理出頻率最高的徐志摩、余光中、鄭愁予三位詩人，在課綱流變下呈現出三種典律移轉模式──徐志摩的「固定型」、余光中的「移轉型」，以及鄭愁予的「開展型」。在典律移轉之外，本文檢視歷年各家出版社的選詩，透過「文學史專著與學術論文」和「教科書副文本」的對照，發現許多選詩並未具備文學史的代表性，同時提出許多過往編選者未注意的問題，為一綱多本施行後的高中國文教科書進行一次全面的檢視。

Mandarin textbooks at Taiwan senior high school are affected by the CG(curriculum guidelines). The minimum proportion of modern poetry is“one lesson per academic year”in CG of ROC 88, and it turns into“one lesson per semester”in CG of ROC 95, and gets back to“one lesson per academic year”in CG of ROC 108. The modern poetry in Mandarin textbooks not only reflects the Canon in the history of literature but also shapes another canon of itself. This article takes“field of literature”as a cognitive horizon of“teaching space at senior high school,”analyzing the relationship between the textbooks, CG, and the history of literature. The result of statistics shows that there are three modes of modern-poetry-selecting in Mandarin textbooks–Hsu Chih-Mo, Yu Guang-Zong and Zheng Chou-Yu–Hsu Chih-Mo represents the mode of solid, Yu Guang-Zong represents the mode of liquid, and Zheng Chou-Yu represent the mode of gas. Through the integration and comparison of modern poetry in Mandarin textbooks at Taiwan senior high school, the research found out that the change of CG indeed influences on modern-poetry-selecting. After checking the modern-poetry-selecting with the paratext such as appreciation, introductory reading, and so on, the research found some mistakes in those Mandarin textbooks. This article reviews modern poetry in Mandarin textbooks at Taiwan senior high school after One-guideline-multiple was put into execution.