數位人文視角下《淡新檔案》中的教士、教民與教堂

The Churches, Missionaries and Believers in Danxin Archives from the Perspective of Digital Humanities

光緒17年（1891）四、五月間，因長江一帶「會匪」聚眾滋擾，焚燒基督教堂造成「教案」。為避免洋人「嫁詞饒舌」、藉教案提升為外交糾紛，清廷下令各地方官進行調查，以確實掌握各地教堂、教士與教民的資訊。其時已建省納入清廷統轄的臺灣，也在這個命令下展開有史以來第一次的「基督宗教調查」，而這些調查記錄則散見於現存的《淡新檔案》之中。
這次的調查詳實記載了調查地點的教堂數目、傳教源流、負責教士的姓名與籍貫、教堂的建築風格，甚至包括了珍貴的教堂手繪平面與外觀圖，皆有助於我們理解清領末期基督宗教在北臺灣的傳教情況。在數位人文技術的協助下，我們嘗試從「臺灣歷史數位圖書館」與其他數位資源查找相關文本，加上標記詞彙與詮釋資料，分析這些教堂的位置、教民關係與教士互動，作為基督宗教臺灣宣教歷史數位人文研究的新嘗試。

This article discusses how to use digital humanities research skills to analyze an investigation of Christians during the late Qing dynasty in Taiwan. Because of an increase of anti-Christian events, the Qing government asked the local governors to investigate Christian churches, pastors, and church members. At that time, Taiwan had already been established as a province. Under the rule of the Qing Government, the first“Christian Religious Investigation”was launched; the records of those investigations can be found in the Danxin Archives . The Danxin Archives are the prefectural level administrative and judicial archives of northern Taiwan from 1776 to 1895.
This set of archives is one of the most important local government records of the Qing Dynasty in existence. Using several digital humanities databases and platforms, we studied the Danxin Archives and enriched them by using this technology to reorganize them in order to showcase how researchers can use digital humanities research methodology as a new lens to analyze historical documents. In this article, we hope not only to present the first Christian investigation in Taiwan during the Qing dynasty as shown in the archives but also to highlight an example of how the use of digital humanities technology can help researchers to analyze the material they already have and feature more useful elements from their research in their current and future projects.