COVID-19疫情前後國民健康意識、飲食行為與自我健康檢測之關聯性研究

Research on the Correlation between National Health Awareness, Dietary Behavior and Self-health Testing before and after the COVID-19 Epidemic

2019年底新冠疫情（cov-19）爆發，並於2021年在臺灣發生大規模的傳染，在全球疫苗供應不足的狀況下，增加自我免疫力是當下最佳的作法。研究顯示肥胖者相較體型瘦弱者需要更長時間的痊癒，人們開始改變飲食的習慣、調整體態和重視健康有關的資訊。近年來隨著經濟發展與健康意識抬頭，國內飲食逐漸朝向永續與健康取向，消費者越發關注食品的營養價值及其帶來的健康益處，而人們為了預防傳染風險，日常生活與消費模式也做了必要的改變。為此本研究探討在疫情前後國民的健康意識、飲食行為及自我檢測的認知有何變化與探討研究變項的關聯。本研究採方便抽樣，於網路發放問卷，回收有效問卷為305份，以SPSS與Smart PLS統計軟體進行統計分析，驗證研究假設是否成立。研究結果顯示受訪者在疫情前後對三個研究變項的認知達顯著性差異、疫情前後健康意識正向影響飲食行為與自我健康檢測，疫情前後的健康意識對飲食行為與自我健康檢測的決定係數分別為0.303、0.270、0.298、0.374，皆達中等解釋力、疫情前後飲食行為與自我檢測分別達中度正相關（0.664）與高度正向關（0.707），本研究結論提供管理上的意涵，並提出建議與後續研究議題。

The COVID-19 epidemic (cov-19) broke out at the end of 2019, and a large-scale infection occurred in Taiwan in 2021. With the global vaccine supply insufficient, increasing self-immunity is the best approach at the moment. Research shows that obese people take longer to recover than thin people. People begin to change their eating habits, adjust their posture and pay attention to healthrelated information. In recent years, with the development of economy and the rise of health awareness, domestic diet has gradually become more sustainable and healthy. Consumers are paying more and more attention to the nutritional value of food and the health benefits it brings. In order to prevent the risk of infection, people’s daily life and consumption patterns have also changed. To this end, this study explores the changes in national health awareness, dietary behavior and self-health testing cognition before and after the epidemic, and explores the correlation between the research variables. This study used convenience sampling to distribute questionnaires online, and 305 valid questionnaires were recovered. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS and Smart PLS statistical software to verify whether the research hypotheses were established. The research results show that the respondents’cognition of the three research aspects after the epidemic is significantly different from that before the epidemic. Health awareness before and after the epidemic positively affects eating behavior and self-health testing. The coefficients of determination of health awareness before and after the epidemic on dietary behavior and self-health testing are 0.303, 0.270, 0.298, and 0.374 respectively, all reaching medium explanatory power. Dietary behavior and self-testing before and after the epidemic reached a moderate positive correlation (0.664) and a high positive correlation (0.707) respectively. The conclusions of this study provide management implications and propose suggestions and follow-up research topics.