漢語把字句的發展：一個個案的縱向研究

DEVELOPMENT OF THE CHINESE BA CONSTRUCTION: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY

本文研究一位說漢語兒童從一歲九個月到六歲一個月期間把字句的發展，其發展顯示「把」從一個動詞，發展到一個類似半功能詞類，到六歲才真正發展成一個負責指派受格給「把」之後名詞詞組的功能詞類。本研究之發現得以解釋為何「把」的習得甚晚，與其他功能詞類的早期習得明顯不同（如：屬於功能詞類時貌的習得Yang，Shi and Xu 2018），此外，也符合連續假說，也就是孩童的語言輸出與成人的不同呈現不同語言之間的差異（Crain 1991，Crain and Peitroski 2002，Crain，Goro and Thornton 2006等）。

Based on the data of a Mandarin-speaking child from 1;9 to 6;1, this case study posits that the child’s BA changes from a verb, to a semi-functional category, and eventually to a functional category as a Case assigner after 6;0. The findings explain why the acquisition of BA may take a long time, in contrast to the early acquisition of a functional category such as aspect (cf. Liu 2009; Chang 2013; Yang, Shi and Xu 2018). The findings are also compatible with the continuity hypothesis, which suggests that child language can differ from the language spoken by adults only in ways that adult language can differ from each other (Crain 1991; Crain and Pietroski 2002; Crain, Goro and Thornton 2006).