幼兒24小時活動指引與測量工具之範域文獻回顧

A scoping review on 24-hour movement guidelines and measurements for preschooler

幼兒達到24小時活動指引有助於健康發展，但國內較少文獻探討其建議指標及測量方法，因此本文以範域文獻回顧介紹幼兒24小時活動指引內涵及測量工具。本研究以PubMed及Scopus搜尋自2017年11月20日至今有關幼兒24小時活動指引之文獻，共篩出32篇。結果顯示幼兒24小時活動指引包括每日身體活動、靜態行為/螢幕時間、睡眠時間，並根據< 1歲、≥1 ~ 2歲、3 ~ 5歲有不同指引。身體活動以三軸加速規測量為主但不同活動強度定義與截點分歧。靜態行為/螢幕時間皆採問卷回憶，分為受限制時間(如背帶、推車、汽車座椅、餐椅)和螢幕時間(電視、電腦、智慧手機、平板、電動)兩種類型。睡眠時間包括午睡及晚上，部分研究以客觀儀器測量，部分採用問卷回憶。目前以穿戴式裝置測量幼兒身體活動的切點尚未有共識，而靜態行為及睡眠問卷的可信度較佳。建議未來研究可發展0 ~ 5歲24小時活動指引測量問卷並搭以觀測量工具驗證其準確性。

Meeting 24-hour movement guidelines could beneficial to health in young children, but there are still few studies have explored the guidelines and measurement in Taiwan. This scoping review aims to assess the literature reporting on the 24-hour movement guidelines for young children, and discuss the measurement methods of the 24-hour movements. Published studies were obtained from PubMed and Scopus and identified studies on the 24-hour movement guidelines for young children published from November 20, 2017 onwards. A total of 32 eligible studies were identified. The findings indicate that the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines offer varied recommendations for physical activity, sedentary behavior/screen time, and sleep duration for different age groups: under one year, between one and two years, and between three and five years. Most studies predominantly used a triaxial accelerometer to measure physical activity, albeit with differing intensity cutoff points. Sedentary behavior/screen time was measured subjectively in all studies, including the duration spent restrained (in a carrier, stroller, infant car seat, or high chair) and screen time (watching television, using a computer, smartphone, tablet, or playing video games). Sleep duration encompassed both daytime naps and nighttime sleep, with several studies using objective tools for monitoring. Currently, there is no consensus on the cutoff points for physical activity as measured by the triaxial accelerometer. In contrast, the measurement tools for sedentary behavior and sleep duration show more consistency. Future study should develop the 24-hour movement questionnaires to measure 0- to 5-year-old population and coordinate with objective measurement instruments to evaluate the accuracy of the results.